一 : 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

【语言学习】replace

1. 把…放回原处，放回

Please replace the books after reading. 看完书后请将书放回原处。

2. 替换；更换

The salesgirl said she would replace the TV set if we were not satisfied.女售货员说如果我们对这台电视机不满意，她可以给换一台。

【2011浙江卷11】—How’s your new babysitter?

—We _______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.

A. should B. might C. mustn’t D. couldn’t

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虚拟语气高考题 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

飞扬英语之高考单项填空 讲解精析，累积语言知识

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。(www.61k.com］couldn’t不可能，它与比较级连用表示最高级的意义。句意：—新保姆怎样？——找不到更好的了。孩子们都很喜欢她。should应该；might可能；mustn’t禁止。

【语言学习】比较级用于否定结构可表―最……不过‖。该结构多为―can't ／couldn't ＋比较级‖的形式。如：The weather couldn’t be worse.天气再糟糕不过了。用于该结构中的否定词除了not之外，还有no， never，nothing等。例如： This could give her no greater pleasure．这使她再高兴不过了。当该结构中的比较级为less时，该结构意为―一点也不‖。 He had never felt less like talking to anyone．他从未如此不想和人谈话。

【2011四川卷20】The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they_______.

A. can B. may C. must D. should

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。can能够，表示一种能力。句意：警方还没找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在尽其所能做。may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。

【2011湖南卷28】—No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. —Oh, you are really his big fan.

A. can B. need C. must D. might

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。Can能，能够，表示一种能力。句意：在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。need需要，must必须，might可能。

【2011辽宁卷21】If you_______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.

A. can B. may C. must D. will

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词。If you must (do sth) 表示虽不赞同但允许，译为―如果你一定要那么做‖。句意：如果你一定要离开，至少也要等到暴风雨过去。

【2011重庆卷25】—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?

— I wanted to, but my mom simply _______ not let me out so late at night.

A. could B. might C. would D. should

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词。would【表示喜欢、意愿】要，会，肯。句意：—昨晚为什么没来参加西蒙的晚会？—我想来，但我妈就是不愿我如此晚出来。could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。

【2011陕西卷22】I_______ through that bitter period without your generous help.

A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的慷慨帮助，我不可能度过那段痛苦的时期。句中信息 that bitter period表示过去的时间，所以空格处谈论过去的事情，用couldn’t have gone。 用介词短语代替条件状语从句。有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。如：Without air （If there were not air）， there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。But for your help （If it hadn't been for your help） I couldn't have done it. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。

【2011陕西卷24】—Will you read me a story, Mummy?

—OK. You_______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

A. might B. must C. could D. shall

15

虚拟语气高考题 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

飞扬英语之高考单项填空 讲解精析，累积语言知识

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。（www.61k.com］shall用于二、三人称，表示意图、警告、允诺、强迫、威胁、决心等句意：—可给我读一个故事听吗？—好的，如果你立即上床睡觉，我就给你讲故事。

【2011江西卷23】It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t

【答案】B

【解析】考查情态动词。can’t 不可能。句意：才六点钟，门口不可能是邮递员。mustn’t 禁止，不允许；won’t 不愿意；needn’t 不必要。

【2011江西卷28】We _______ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。But for…要不是；如果没有。句意：要不是他最近受伤，我们会把约翰的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。用介词短语代替条件状语从句。有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。如：Without air （If there were not air）， there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。But for your help （If it hadn't been for your help） I couldn't have done it. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。

【2010江西】I have told you the truth. _______ I keep repeating it?

A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。must (为了达到某种结果)一定得，必须。句意：我已经告诉了你真相, 我还得重复一遍吗？

【2010山东】I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.

A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t

【答案】A

【解析】查情态动词。用shouldn’t have done本不应该做而做了某事。句意：我本不应该看那部电影——它会让我做噩梦。

【2010安徽】Jack described his father, who _______ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong– willed man.

A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。must have been对过去事情的推测，语气十分肯定。句意：杰克把他父亲描述为意志坚强的人, 多年前他父亲肯定很勇敢。句中信息Jack described his father as a strong– willed man.表明空格处用must as a strong– willed man。

【2010安徽】Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he_______.

A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy

【答案】A

【解析】虚拟语气与时态。并列句的前一分句是对过去的虚拟, 所以转折分句谈及的是过去的事实, 所以用一般过去式。句意：昨天鲍勃本来会帮助我们，但他很忙。

【2010湖南】You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.

A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。don’t have to没有必要。句意：你没必要买礼物, 但如果你想买，也可买。

【2010湖南】If he_______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

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虚拟语气高考题 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

飞扬英语之高考单项填空 讲解精析，累积语言知识

A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。[www.61k.com］主句中信息wouldn’t have lost表明从句中表示与过去事实相反的情况, 谓语动词用had done的形式。

【2010天津】Mark_______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。needn’t have done本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了。句意：迈克本不必要那么忙。高速赶路后，他提早半个小时就到达了。

【2010天津】John went to the hospital alone. If he_______ me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰独自去医院了。如果他告诉我, 我会跟他一块去。 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。语境表明题中信息是对过去情况的一种假设。

—I’m afraid not.

A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need

【答案】B

【解析】考查情态动词。情态动词can, may, could, might可表请求。句意：—我可将此书带出吗？—恐怕不行。语境表明空格处选择表示请求的情态动词。

【2010陕西】—May I take this book out of the reading room?

—No, you_______. You read it in here.

A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。may或might征求意见的问句的否定回答用mustn’t。注意：could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句中, 肯定回答用can或may来代替could或might。

【2010全国I】Just be patient. You _______ expect the world to change so soon.

A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. whether

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。can’t不可能。句意：耐心些, 你不能指望世界变化如此快。

【2010江苏】—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You_______ have it by Friday.

A. could B. shall C. must D. may

【答案】B

【解析】考查情态动词。Shall用于第二人称表示允诺、强制、命令、 威胁、警告等。句中表示一种允诺。

【2010江苏】George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused

17

虚拟语气高考题 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

飞扬英语之高考单项填空 讲解精析，累积语言知识

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。（www.61k.com)would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。题中表示与现在事实相反，所以谓语动词用一般过去式。

【2010陕西】If we _______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：假如走另一条路，我们可能会及时到达会场。

在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。语境表明题中信息是对

【2010全国II】I’m afraid Mr. Harding _______ see you now. He’s busy.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D .needn’t

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。can’t不可能。句意：恐怕现在哈丁先生不可能见你，他很忙。

【2010湖北】It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _______（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)

【答案】can’t/ couldn’t have done it

【解析】考查情态动词。对过去发生事情的推测用―情态动词+完成体‖。

【2010湖北】Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _______ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)

【答案】(should) be discussed

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在insist，suggest，demand，order，propose， command，request，desire等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用―should + 动词原形‖，表示建议、要求、命令等。

【2010辽宁】Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.

A. can B. will C. must D. may

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词。Must必须。句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要, 但必须是有规律的锻炼。

【2010北京】—Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

—Ah, good morning. You_______ be Mrs. Peters.

A. might B. must C. would D. can

【答案】B

【解析】查情态动词。must很可能，想必，一定是，表示一种推测。句意：—我人事部的史密斯小姐有约。—那你一定就是彼得夫人了。

【2010上海】—Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

—Oh, you_______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词。should have done本来应该做某事, 而未做。句意：—对不起,史密斯教授。我昨天没完成作业。—你本应该完成了，昨天是最后期限。

18

虚拟语气高考题 五年高考(2010-2014)英语试题分类解析 情态动词与虚拟语气

飞扬英语之高考单项填空 讲解精析，累积语言知识

【2010北京】—The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables_______.

A. wouldn't die B. didn't die

C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。（www.61k.com］句意：—天气一直炎热干燥。—是的，要是当时哪怕下一滴雨, 现在的也会变得好的多！我的蔬菜本不会干死。语境表明蔬菜的死发生在过去。如果虚拟语气是表示与过去事实相反的假设，那么if从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词。句子可还原为：If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.

【2010浙江】Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy_______.

A. would have been saved B. had been saved

C. will be saved D. was saved

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道这个电脑程序, 就可节省大量的时间和精力。如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。试题的正常语序为： If I had known about this computer program…。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，形式如下：

here.‖

A. need B. can C. must D. would

【答案】C

【解析】考查情态动词。must一定，必定，用于肯定的推测。句意：―你一定拨错了号码,‖她说。―这儿的没人叫这个名。‖

【2010重庆】You _______ park here! It’s an emergency exit.

A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。mustn’t不准或禁止某人做某事。句意：你不准在这儿禁止停车，这是个紧急出口。

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二 : 2016年高考英语难点37讲--难点22 虚拟语气

   XX年高考英语难点37讲--难点22 虚拟语气
    虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议或是与事实相反的假设。
    ●难点磁场
    1.()jane’s face suggested that she________ ill,and her parents suggested that she________ a medical examination.
    a.be;should have      b.was;have           c.should be;had       d.was;has
    2.()you didn’t let me drive.if we________ in turn,you________ so tired.
a.drove;didn’t get                         b.drove;wouldn’t get
c.were driving;wouldn’t get                 d.had driven;wouldn’t have got
    3.()how i wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden. (XX上海春季)
    a.has               b.had                c.will have          d.had had
    ●案例探究
    1.i wish i ________ you yesterday.
    a.seen              b.did see             c.had seen           d.were to see
    命题意图：此题旨在考查wish后加宾语从句表示可实现的愿望。此题属四星级题。
    知识依托：wish+宾语从句表示不可实现的愿望，译为“……就好了，但愿……”
    错解分析：a、b、d项都不是跟过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构。
    解题方法与技巧：掌握wish后宾语从句的三种谓语动词结构。
    答案：c
    2.i suggested that the meeting________ till tomorrow morning.
    a.should put off       b.be put off          c.is put off           d.will put off
    命题意图：此题旨在考查suggest （建议）后加宾语从句，从句谓语动词的用法。此题属四星级题。
    知识依托：suggest/arrange/demand/insist/order/require等动词后的宾语从句中谓语用（should)+动词原形。另外像advise/idea/order/demand/suggestion等词的表语从句和同位语从句，谓语动词也用（should)+动词原形。
    错解分析：a项应用should be put off(会议被延期）。
    c、d项都不符合虚拟语气结构。
    答案:b
    3.when a pencil is put in a glass of water,it looks as if it________.
    a.breaks             b.has broken         c.were broken        d.had been broken
    命题意图：此题考查虚拟语气用于以as if(as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句。此题属四星级题目。
    知识依托：如果从句与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would (might,could)+动词原形。”
    li ming speaks english as if he were an englishman.(与现在事实相反）
    it looks as if it might rain.(与将来事实相反）
    it seems as if tom had travelled a lot in china before.(与过去事实相反）
    错解分析：本句意思是：当把铅笔放在一杯水里的时候，它看起来就跟断了似的。（其实没断）与现在事实相反。故选c项。
    解题方法与技巧：看when a pencil is put in…中谓语时态。
    答案:c
    ●锦囊妙计
    做好虚拟语气，除了掌握基本的结构外，还要注意句子所表达的意义与现在过去，还是将来事实相反，看清时间状语，另外还要注意在其他结构中虚拟语气的运用。
    1.在主语从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气结构为：“should+动词原形”表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜等。
    例：it is advisable/important/natural/necessary that sb.(should)do
    2.在it is time/high time that sb.should do sth.
    或it is time that sb.did sth
    3.would rather sb.+过去时，指现在或将来。
    例：i’d rather father were here now.
    i’d rather they came here tomorrow.
    4.but for…without短语译为“要不是……”，句子谓语也常用虚拟。
    ●歼灭难点训练
    1.()the doctor insisted that the patient________ up smoking.
    a.would give         b.give               c.gives              d.gave
    2.()________ some information,she could have answered the questions.
    a.she had been given                      b.if she was given
    c.had if she been given                     d.had she been given
    3.()without electricity human life________ quite difficult today.
    a.is                 b.will be            c.would have been     d.would be
    4.()everything will go on as usual as if________ happened.
    a.nothing had        b.anything hadn’t       c.nothing was       d.anything was not
    5.()if only i________ their advice.
    a.follow             b.will follow          c.have followed     d.had followed
    6.()if you________ at school,you________a college student now.
    a.had studied hard;would have been
    b.should have studied hard;should have been
    c.had studied hard;would be
    c.would study hard;must have been
    7.()—he is a very brave man.
    —yes,i wish i________ his courage.
    a.have              b.had                 c.will have          d.would have
    8.()it was ordered that no parking________ allowed in front of the building.
    a.is b.be c.was d.would be
    9.()don’t come today.i’d rather you________ tomorrow.
    a.will come           b.come              c.comes             d.came
     

三 : 2016届高考英语语法知识情态动词和虚拟语气复习

（原创精品）XX年普通高考英语科语法知识网络

专题08  情态动词和虚拟语气i.情态动词基本用法

情态动词

用  法

否定式

疑问式

简答式

can能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）can not / cannot /can’t docan…do…?yes,…can.no,…can’t.

couldcouldn’t do

may可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not do may…do…?

yes,…may. no,…mustn’t/can’t.

mightmight not domight…do…?yes,…mightno,…might not.

must必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustn’t domust…do…?     to.yes,…must.no,…needn’t/don’t have

have to只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）don’t have to dodo…have to do…?yes,…do.  no,…don’t.

ought to应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）ought not to/oughtn’t to doought…to do…?yes,…ought. no,…oughtn’t.

shall用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等shall not/shan’t doshall…do…?yes,…shall.  no,…shan’t.

should应当，应该（表义务责任）本该（含有责备意味）should not/shouldn’t doshould…do…?

will意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/won’t dowill/would…do…?yes,…will.  no,…won’t.

wouldwould not/wouldn’t do

dare敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）dare not/daren’t dodare…do…?yes,…dare.no,…daren’t.

need需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）need not/needn’t doneed…do…?yes,…must. no,…needn’t.

used to过去常常（现在已不再）used not/usedn’t/usen’t to dodidn’t use to doused…to do…?did…use to do…?yes,…used.  no,…use(d)n’t. yes,…did.  no,…didn’t.ii.情态动词的重点知识表示“能力、许可”的can和may表示能力的情态动词用can/coulda computer_____think for itself; it must be told what to do.a.can’t        b.mustn’t     c.may not    d.might not表示许可时用may/might ,can/could 都可以，但在问句中用could…?或might…？ 以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确（must表示一定，必须，mustn’t表示禁止，不许可）。①—could i call you  by your first name?   —yes, you______a.will      b.could    c.may    d.might②johnny, you_____play with the knife, you_____hurt yourself.a.won’t/can’t          b.mustn’t/may c.shouldn’t/must       d.can’t/shouldn’t在肯定句中could不可以用来表示过去某一特定场合的能力，而要用was/were able to。the fire spread through the hotel very quickly buteveryone_____get out.a.had to      b.would       c.could       d.was able to表示“推断、判断”的canmay,must在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能。在含义上must语气最肯定,may表示的是事实上的可能性。peter______come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.a.must       b.may       c.can         d.will而can表示的是逻辑上的可能性：mary is in poor health. she can be ill at any times.在否定句中只能用can和may。所以can’t时用以代替mustn’t，语气比may更肯定。中文可以翻译为不可能。michael______be a policeman, for he’s much too short.a.needn’t     b.can’t       c.should      d.may在疑问句只能用can，不能用may和must。he may be very busy now.       can he be very busy now?he must be very busy now.       can he be very busy now?

needneed作为情态动词只有一种形式，只用于否定句和疑问句。

daredare作为情态动词用时有两种形式：dare和dared两个词形，除了可以用于否定句和疑问句外，还可以用于条件从句或表示怀疑的句子中。if he dare come,i will kick him out.  i don’t know whether hedare say.注意:he doesn’t dare(to)answer the question.（否定句）does she dare(to)enter the dark room?（疑问句）shall用于第一人称：征求对方的意见。what shall we do this evening?用于第二、三人称：警告、命令、允诺、威胁等。you shall fail if you don’t work harder. 警告he shall have the book when i finish reading.允诺he shall be punished.威胁

should劝告、建议、命令、应该做、道义上的责任。you should(ought to) go to class right away.   i should(ought to) help him because he is in trouble.

will/would请求、建议，would比will委婉客气。would you pass me the book?表示意志、愿望和决心。i will never do that again.    they asked us if we would do that againwould可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。during the vacation he would visit me every weekthe wound would not heal.（伤口老是不能愈合）would表示估计或猜想。it would be about ten when he left home.    what would she be doing there?情态动词+have done的用法could+have done：本可以做而实际上未能做。you could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.cannot+ have done：表示对现在或过去行为的否定推测。he cannot have been to that town.can+主语+ have done：表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定（用在疑问句中）。can he have got the book?might(may)+ have done：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测。he may not have finished the work.if we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.must+ have done：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。其否定式为：cannot have done。you must have seen the film.you cannot have seen the film.needn’t+ have done：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了。you needn’t have watered the flowers,for it is going to rain.注意：didn’t need to(have to)do：没有必要做而实际上也没有做i didn’t need to clean the windows.my sister did it 2 hours ago.should(ought to)+ have done：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。you should have started earlier, but you didn’t.she shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape,for i worked to use it.注意：he should have finished the work by now.（表推测）

虚拟语气

类   别

用   法

例   句

if引导的

条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）主句动词：should/would/could/might+doif he were here, he would help us.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+done主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+doneif i had been free,i would have visited you.与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+to do主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形if it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.

省略if的虚拟条件句将虚拟条件从句中的were，had,should放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装①should he come ,tell him to ring me up.②were i you,i would not do it.③had i been free,i would have visited you.

混合虚拟条件句

不同时间的虚拟：各遵守各的规则①if he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.②if he had told me yesterday,i should know what to do now.③if i were you, i would have gone to her birthday party.

虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则①he could have passed the exam,but he wasn’t careful enough. ②you should have come earlier.the bus left a moment ago.

含蓄虚拟

条件句

but for+名词表示虚拟条件句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。---but for your timely warning,we ______ into great trouble.---you know we’re friends.a. would get          b. must have got    c. would have got      d. can’t have got

without+名词表示虚拟条件without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night would be freezing cold.

动词不定式表示虚拟条件it would be only partly right to follow in this way.
如果用这种方式，仅仅对了一半。

现在分词表示虚拟条件having known in time ,we might have prevented the accident.要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故。

过去分词表示虚拟条件given more attention, the tree could have grown better.
如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好。

副词otherwise表示虚拟条件i was too busy at that time.otherwise,i would have called you.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。

连词but连接的句子表示虚拟条件he _____fatter but he eats too little .a. would become      b. would have become  c. must become       d. must have become

其它

状语从句as if/as though引导的状语从句中动词用did或had＋done或would／could／might＋do。注意：as if/as though引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：it sounds as if it is raining．听起来像是在下雨。
he talks as if he is drunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。①与现在事实相反he talks as if he knew where she was．②与过去事实相反he talks about rome as if he had been there before.③与将来事实相反he opened his mouth as if he would say something.in order that/so that引导的状语从句中动词用can/could/may/ might/ would等+doturn on the light so that we can see it clearly.

宾语从句demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+dohe suggested that we not change our mind.wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+do表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反i wish i could be a pop singer.i wish i would have gone to shanghai last month.

主语从句在it is necessary / important / strange that…it is suggested / demanded/ ordered / requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用should+doit is strange that such a person should be our friends.

其它

句型中it is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+doit’s high time that we left/should leave.would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式i would rather you stayed at home now.if only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望if only our dream had come true!

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