一 : 《综合性学习：漫游语文世界》教案3
漫游语文世界 |
青岛 林琳
○活动目标
①通过此次活动，沟通课堂内外，引导学生注意生活中的语文现象。使学生充分认识语文与现实生活的密切联系。
②引导学生搜集家庭、学校和社会生活中的最新鲜、最活泼的语言现象。初步树立汉民族共同语的规范意识。
③通过写作练习，引导学生多角度观察生活，发现语文世界丰富多彩的表现形式，写出自己对社会生活中语文运用的独特感受和真切体验。
○活动重点
①搜集语言现象并归类整理。
②表达自己的独特感受。
○课前准备
①布置任务，学生分组。学生可自由组合，以小组为单位，也可以以个人为单位进行。
②搜集调查资料，分组筛选、梳理，把同属于一类型的资料编在一起。
③将同一类型的资料整理成PowerPion讲稿。并将小组资料编成小册子。
○活动过程
导入
通过一个有趣的广告阐述生活中处处有语文。有这样一则奶粉广告：“没有加进什么，不过提出水分。”
这则广告从反面人手，从具体的制作过程人手，用形象的语言来表示，在一句“没有加入什么”表现了产品之纯，后一句用“不过”急转，进一步表现出产品纯还不够，还必须没有水分，突出了“粉”的特性，语言简练，12个字中有转折，有波澜，文字浅显但具体形象，初看语不惊人，细品则回味无穷。
出示活动目标
五个小组分别展示
①广告集锦：
信心型 功用型 对比易记型 超常搭配型……
②校园风：
精选校园流行语，如：哇噻——、酷毙了! 帅呆了! 咆一一
③口语荟萃：
选取有代表意义的方言整理分类，与普通话对比并寻找规律。
④街头巷尾：
将店名、招牌、标语的用语分类，阐明自己观点。欣赏优秀的店名如家乐福。
⑤网络语言：7456、886、青蛙、大虾等。
根据语言形式分为四类：文字、数字、英文字母、符号；阐述网络语言的迅猛发展对母语的冲击，初步思考其优缺点。
教师总结
①充分肯定同学们的实践，对于同学的思考给予高度赞誉。
②布置作文，任选一题，按照要求写作。
活动小结 -
通过这次活动，学生初步掌握了查找资料的方法，搜集了家庭、校园和社会生活中最新鲜、最活泼的语言现象，沟通了课堂内外，充分认识到生活中处处有语文。
二 : 新世纪大学英语第2版综合教程3(1-4单元)练习答案30
Unit One
People Around Us
Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action
▆ Working with Words and Expressions
1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the
following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) crease
2) hint
3) assured
4) awaiting
5) hovering
6) scrawled
7) glistening
8) frail
9) sole
10) visible
11) engaged
12) biased
13) dreading
14) grinning
2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know
how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) for fear of
2) pulled up
3) except for
4) get by
5) make a living
6) every so often
7) in the background
8) Shut off
9) each and every
10) as it is
11) wraps … around her little finger
12) caught us …unawares
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1. Choose the definition from Column B that best matches each phrasal verb in Column A,
paying attention to the V+ Prep./Ad. collocation.
▆ Answers:
1) f
2) c
3) d
4) e
5) b
6) g
7) h
8) a
Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper phrasal verb. Change the verb form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) let out
2) clean … up
3) come through
4) waiting on
5) picked up
6) ended up
7) headed for
8) ran through
2. The prefixes ex-, fore-, pre- mean “former, before, or in advance” while the prefix post-
means “after or later than”. Study the following examples and form words by adding ex-, fore-, pre-, post- to the words given in the table and then complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have just formed. Change the verb form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
1) foretell
2) preview
3) forerunner
4) postscript
5) postgraduate
6) precondition
7) ex-husband
Grammar in Context
Task 1: Combine the given sentences into one by using attributive clauses.
▇ Answers for reference:
1) I encountered many people (See Para. 3, Text B)
2) We drove in silence to the address . (See Para. 21, Text B)
3) He pushed through the doors and headed for the back room . (See Para. 16, Text A)
4) I had seen too many people trapped in a life of poverty (See Para. 6, Text B)
5) Their social worker, , admitted Stevie and his
mother had fallen between the cracks. (See Para. 6, Text A)
Task 2: Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English. Be sure to use present particles or past particles to modify nouns.
▇ Answers for reference:
well-considered decision, folded paper, written notice, laptop storing my annual report, a postman delivering express mail
Cloze
▆ Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.
▆ Answers:
1) reliable
2) syndrome
3) adopted
4) got done with
5) gloomy
6) or something
7) chance
8) come through
9) barely
10) in good shape
11) booth
12) mess
13) scrawled
14) peeking
15) in
Translation
▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆ Answers for reference:
1) What I didn’t was that over time I would sincerely being a social
worker.
2) at the clock on the wall, Grandma a cry, “Oh, My dear /My
goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!”
3) At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances?
4) 5) When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put 6) countryside.
▆ Translate the following paragraph into English using the words and expressions in the box below.
▆ Answer for reference: small income from driving a cab. One late night I responded to a call for a cab ride. To my doctor said she didn’t have very long. The old lady told me to drive through the downtown area. She pointed at some old buildings, telling me those were the places where she used to work or live. ’t accept her fare. In the rest of the day, I was lost in thought. Though I had to I lived not for the purpose of surviving. When circumstances looked gloomy, the small favour I had done could be a candle light.
Unit Two
Love
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆ Working with Words and Expressions
In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
curled
minimum
clip
yielded
Given
preserve
fascinated
affection
interact
haste
grief
defies
presence
acquire
manipulate
restraints
In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
let, loose on
fit into
hold on
state of affairs
in the course of
in vain
build, on
in short
reached for
give and take
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
The prefix over- can be added to nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, meaning “above”, “outside”, “across”, or “too much”. Study the words given in the box and choose the proper word to fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
overcoat
overhead
overjoyed
overslept
overweight
overdue
overtime
新世纪大学英语第2版综合教程3(1-4单元)练习答案30_新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
overworking
Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Listed in the following table are some of these words that you have learned in Unit One and Unit Two. Study them carefully and then complete each of the following sentences with one of them as you see fit. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers: crush attributes fancy bubbled grasp drizzling labeling yield
Listed in the box below are some idiomatic expressions formed with the word “hand”. Study them carefully and try to make out their meanings. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Then translate the given sentences into English, using one of them.
▆ Answers:
We are short of hands.
I still have some money in hand. Give me a hand with this box, please. I often keep a dictionary at hand. The football fans were out of hand.
Hand out the pencils to everyone in the class.
This ring was handed down to me by my grandmother. Time’s up. Please hand in your test papers. Please hand on the magazine to your roommates. I’m afraid I can’t help you. I’m a green hand.
GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT
Now complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English. Make sure that the sentences are in the inverted order.
▆ Answers for reference:
Sitting on the stairs was / On the stairs was sitting Over the wall came / flew Round the corner was Then finally came
Under the table was lying
At / On the top of (On top of) the hill stood
Now correct the mistakes in the following sentences, if any. Write NONE under the correct sentence(s).
▆ Answers for reference:
The beaver chews down trees to get food and material to build its home with. Do your parents think Tom is a nice boy to go out with? (Cross out him) The goals for which he has fought all his life seem unimportant to him now. NONE.
The essay starts by asking a question, to which the author then gives a positive answer.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.
▆ Answers: haste
state of affairs distinguished meeting of minds blossom inner charm intimacy emotion acquiring ideals admiration lasting affection forge honor
overwhelming
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆ Answers for reference:
In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum.
I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.
We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.
Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect dayto express love to the object of your / one’s affection.
In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous.
Love needs to be nurtured, and the “eternal / everlasting love” that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other.
There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.
She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.
Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressions in the box below.
▆ Answers for reference:
After dinner, we all sat around the hearth. Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert. In her soft voice she told us about their past years. Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged. Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didn’t return alive, you can imagine how much horrified Aunt Susan was every day, and how much overjoyed she was to see Uncle Robert back safe and sound from the European battlefield. Then they got married and brought up five children. For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life. I was fascinated by Aunt Susan’s story, which was totally different from my ideal of love. They practiced, in their daily life, giving and sharing instead of pursuing passion and romance, or making complaints. Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life.
Unit Three Friendship
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions
3. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following
sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
a) bound b) unfolded c) possessing
d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) m) n) has surpassed appointed virtues
had corresponded gazed keen grasped grounded sensible
commitments regulating
4. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use
them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
1) distinguish between 2) checked up on 3) torn down 4) make a fortune 5) all of a sudden 6) lost track of
7) Casting an eye over 8) broke up
9) take pleasure in 10) described as 11) turned up 12) in so far as 13) is under arrest 14) pass on 15) as to ▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1. The preposition “as” is often used together with some verbs to describe the fact that sb./sth.
has a particular function, role or job. Translate the following into Chinese, paying attention to the “verb… as” collocation. ▆ Answers:
1) accept…as 2) respect… as 3) define…as 4) describe… as 5) picture… as 6) regard … as
把……想象成
7) see…as 8) view … as
把……看作
Now complete the following sentences by using the “verb + as” collocation. 1) him both as a father and as a writer 2) myself as a swan dancing on the lake
3) the challenge as an opportunity to test his courage 4) me as one of their family members 5) it as a joke
6) Mark as being in his late teens, tall and friendly to everyone 7) as the greatest painter of his time
8) love as a way of life, while others define it as a way to feel
2. Did you notice the suffix “-al” or “-ial” in the words “trial” and “arrival” in this unit? The
suffix “–al” or “-ial” can be added to verbs to form nouns. Put down the noun forms of the following verbs in the space provided. ▆
Now fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing the proper words with the suffix “–al” or “–ial” from the above table. 1) refusal 2) arrivals 3) removal 4) dismissal 5) survival 6) proposal 7) disposal 8) approval
Grammar in context
1. In Unit 2 and Unit 3 you find the following sentences containing “no matter what”,
“whenever” and “whatever.”
Now complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the bracket into English, using “no matter what (who, which, how, etc.)” or “whatever (whoever, whichever, however, etc.) .”
▆ Answers for reference:
1) whichever tent you are not using now 2) whoever comes /come first
新世纪大学英语第2版综合教程3(1-4单元)练习答案30_新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
3)
4)
5)
6) whichever / whatever condition our captain thought was the best Wherever / No matter where I go whatever wishes their child/children expresses/express However disappointed / No matter how disappointed you may feel about the surroundings/
environment/situation
7) Whoever breaks it
8) whenever he concentrates on a problem
2. The structure “It is…that/who…” is used to achieve emphasis, as shown in the following
sentences taken from Text A.
Now correct the mistakes in the following sentences, if any. Write NONE under the correct sentence(s).
▆ Answers for reference:
1) It is not luck but hard work that led him to today’s success.
2) Prof. Moen argues that it is energy that makes the world go round.
3) It was not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family’s trust.
4) It was clearly the headmaster himself who/that opened the door for me.
5) NONE
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.
▆ Answers:
1) classical
2) notion
3) utility
4) ground
5) occurs
6) goodness
7) as to
8) possesses
9) bound
10) mirror
11) virtuous
12) commitment
13) moral excellence
Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆ Answers for reference:
7) The friendship grounded on common / shared interest does not break up easily. / It is not
8)
9)
10)
11)
12) easy for the friendship grounded on common /s hared interest to break up. Children must learn to distinguish between violence and bravery / courage in computer games. There spring up so many new things every day in the world that it is no longer sensible to expect a person to know / keep track of everything. Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends; that is why there is what we call / is called “the court of morality”. Today’s culture is described as “fast-food culture”. Whatever they may be/are doing, people just pursue the greatest / maximum satisfaction within the shortest time. As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and
earn / work for it.
a) Translate the following paragraph into English using the words and expressions in the box
below.
▆ Answers for reference:
As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognised that humans are social animals. Living together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends. As to what friendship is, we have read different definitions given by Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher, and Cicero, a Roman statesman. No one will deny that some people make friends simply for mutual utility. Once the ground for such friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up. However, a lot more people long for “soul pals”— those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together. Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and inspire us to have the courage of our convictions. Such is what we call “true friendship”. It is in the company of such friends that we find ourselves surpassing our old selves and becoming better persons / people.
Unit Four
sports
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▇ Working with Words and Expressions
1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the
following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▇ Answers:
1) narrowly
2) proceeded
3) features
4) crawl
5) spun
6) flashed
7) qualify
8) Despite
9) congratulate
10) consultant
11) compete
12) disciplined
13) confessed
14) tripped
2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▇ Answers:
1) kind of
2) are in for
3) came in
4) rose to their feet
5) brought up
6) made … a fool of herself
7) under wraps
8) get hot under the collar
9) looked the part
10) in an emergency
11) has had her eye on
12) is … taking shape
13) bring out
14) put in/ squeeze in
15) win … hands down
▇ Increasing Your Word Power
1. Choose two verbs from Column B for each noun in Column A, paying attention to the v.+ n.
collocation. Write down the verbs in the space provided before the corresponding noun. The first item has been done for you.
Answers:
Column A Column B
1) applaud form
award hold 2） /
break host 3）congratulate reach 4）represent 5） / an Olympic champion cross
6) / embody set
7) forge win
Now fill in each blank in the following sentences with a verb in Column B. Change the verb form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) applaud
2) embodies/represents
3) forged/formed
4) congratulated
5) broken
6) awarded
7) crossed/reached
8) host
2. The suffix “–cy” can be added to some adjectives, nouns or verbs to form nouns, meaning “the state or quality of…”, or “the status or position of…”. Now form new words after the example and give their meanings in Chinese. Consult a dictionary if necessary.
▇ Answers:
1) accurate → 精确，准确(度)
2) adequate
3) consistent
4) delicate
5) efficient
6) intimate
7) president
8) private
9) secret
10) self-sufficient → → → → → → → → → 适当；充分 一致性；连贯性 细致;精致 效能，效率 亲密，密切 总统等的职位 隐私；独处 保密；保密能力 自给自足
Now fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing the proper words you have just formed.
▇Answers:
1) secrecy
2) presidency
3) consistency
4) efficiency
5) privacy
6) intimacy
7) accuracy
8) self-sufficiency
9) adequacy
10) delicacy
Grammar in Context
1. Study the following sentences, each of which contains either an “appositive phrase” or an
“appositive clause”, and then do the following task.
Now translate the following sentences into English, using either an “appositive phrase” or an “appositive clause” .
▇ Answers for reference:
1) Football, his only hobby in life, has brought him many friends.
2) The President of the company, Mrs Jones, held a press conference after the board meeting.
3) The question whether to confess or not has been troubling little Tom.
4) You should not have any doubt about the fact that the criminal has been arrested.
5) The news was immediately spread far and wide that Beijing had won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games.
2. Study the following sentences from this unit, paying special attention to the constructions “not… but…” and “not only/simply…but (also)…”, and then do the following task.
Now answer the questions with the help of the hints given in brackets, using the constructions “not… but…” and “not only/simply…but (also)…”.
▇ Answers for reference:
1) No, he didn’t come to help, but to hinder us.
2) It is not the players, but the supporters that are responsible for football hooliganism.
3) No, their intent is not to catch all speeders but to catch enough to give them a warning.
4) I’m not only willing, but (also) eager to join the volunteer team for the World Cup.
5) No. He translates into English not only from French, but (also) from Polish.
6) Because its appeal lies not only in its story but also in the ethical issues it raises.
Cloze
▇ Answers:
(1) disciplined
(2) having … eye … on
(3) hands down
(4) in for
(5) hitting
(6) under wraps
(7) add…support to
(8) hot under the collar
(9) fouling
(10) tremendously
(11) reassured
(12) qualify
(13) formed/forged
(14) breaking
Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in
brackets.
▇ Answers for reference:
1) The gasoline price is now at an all-time high, which has brought about wide public
concern.
2) He found that fish and rice feature the Japanese diet, and he then proceeded to write a
report on Japanese cooking culture.
3) The spectators expected me to come in first but they were in for a shock. With a tumble,
my chances for a gold medal in figure skating evaporated.
4) He was a beggar but he didn’t look the part at all, because he was clean-shaven, wearing
glasses and a brand-new suit.
5) Having tripped over another athlete’s foot, he fell down on the track, but soon rose to his
feet and limped to the finish line.
6) On such a grand occasion I didn’t want to make a fool of myself, so I decided to take the
challenge and compete against that youngster.
2. Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressions in the box below.
▇ Answers for reference:
A gold medal is a tribute to the athletic talent, determination and courage of an Olympic champion. Then how do the athletes make themselves fortunate enough to be so highly honored? The champions who have mounted the winners’ stand can offer an answer based on their own experiences. First, in the course of training, they visualize themselves as champions. Once their dreams of becoming champions take shape, they will cling to them courageously. What’s more, top performers are driven to bring out their best. They discipline themselves and squeeze in every possible minute to practice every day. Despite their relentless efforts, they may sometimes fail to win or narrowly miss a gold medal, yet they believe in themselves and never lose heart. They are ready to take on the most psychologically and technically challenging tasks or competitions. In reality, all champions have experienced lots of hardships on their way to the vital break of their lifetime. So we won’t and can’t say that a champion is lucky. After all, luck only strikes those prepared to capitalize on it.
三 : 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后答案第一部分课后答案
Unit One Friendship
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
(1)
1. bound
2. appropriate
3. possessing
4. permanent
5. appointed
6. parted
7. had corresponded
8. gazed
9. notion
10. keen
11. preserve
12. grasped
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
13. figured
14. grounded
15. sensible
16. attribute
17. united
18. pursue
19. commitments
20. regulating
(2)
1.distinguish between
2. checked up on
3. torn down
4. make a fortune
5. all of a sudden
6. lost track of
7. Casting an eye over
8. broke up
9. take pleasure in
10.described as
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
11. turned up
12. in so far as
13. is under arrest
14. pass on
15. as to
Increasing Your Word Power
(1)1.arrival 2.trial 3.approval 4.betrayal 5.burial
6.dismissal 7.disposal
8.proposal 9.refusal www.61k.com 11.survival 12.withdrawal
(2) 1. refusal 2. arrivals 3. removal 4. dismissal 5. survival 6. proposal 7. disposal 8.
approval
(3) 1. e 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. d
GRAMMAR REVIEW
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(1)
1. whichever tent you are not using now
2. whoever comes / come first
3. whichever / whatever condition our captain thought was the best
4. Wherever / No matter where I go
5. whatever wishes their child / children expresses / express
6. However disappointed / No matter how disappointed you may feel about the surroundings /
environment / situation
7. Whoever breaks it
8. whenever he concentrates on a problem
(2)
1. It is not luck but hard work tha led him to today’s success.
2. Prof. Moen argues that it is energy that makes the world go round.
3. It was not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family’s trust.
4. It was clearly the headmaster himself who that opened the door for me.
5. NONE
CLOZE
1) classical
2) notion
3) utility
4) ground
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
5) occurs
6) goodness
7) as to
8) possesses
9) preserve
10) bound
11) mirror
12) virtuous
13) commitment
14) moral excellence
TRANSLATION
(1)
1. The friendship grounded on common / shared interest does not break up easily. / It is not
easy for the friendship grounded on common / shared interest to break up.
2. Children must learn to distinguish between violence and bravery / courage in computer
games.
3. There spring up so many new things every day in the world that it is no longer sensible to
expect a person to know / keep track of everything.
4. Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends; that is why there is what we call / is
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
called "the court of morality".
5. Today’s culture is described as “fast-food culture”. Whatever they may be / are doing,
people just pursue the greatest / maximum satisfaction within the shortest time.
6. As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and
earn / work for it.
(2)
As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognised that humans are social animals. Bonded together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends. As to what friendship is, people have different notions / ideas. Some make friends for mutual utility. Once the ground for such friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up. However, a lot more people long for "soul pals"— those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together. Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and encourage us to have the
courage of our convictions. Such is what we call "true and perfect friendship".
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. Bob and I became brother-like friends in our childhood. We played, dined and discussed our ambitions together. Once grown up, he started for the West to make his fortune while I became a policeman in New York. Before his departure, we had dinner together and we agreed that we would meet at the same place exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our
conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.
Then came the day we were supposed to meet. I was on my beat then. Walking up to the appointed place which had been turned into a hardware store, I saw a man standing there with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. Before I could speak, he told me that he was waiting for a friend by the name of Jimmy Wells. When he struck a match to light his cigar, I saw a pale face with keen eyes and a scar. I recognized him immediately. It was Bob, and it was also the face of the man wanted by the Chicago Police. For a moment I felt like telling him to escape right away. After all, we had been friends for so many years and he had traveled all the way to see me! But then my sense of duty told me the right thing to do. I said good-bye to him and continued my patrol, his last words still ringing in my ear: “I’ll wait for half an hour. Jimmy will keep his promise if he’s alive…” I then
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
sent for a plain clothes man and had Bob arrested.
2.An Important Friend in My Life
Li Qiang, one of my classmates, is fun to be with. He is always wearing a broad smile as if life is forever "sunshine and butterflies". One day, I revealed to him my worries and anxieties: I, an ordinary-looking girl, was 177 centimeters tall, even taller than any of the boys in my class. I thought no boy would like to date me. Besides, I was very poor at my academic courses.
He suggested that I should learn to be myself and then he introduced me to a fashion show team of the university. Encouraged, I decided to change myself. After a 3-month training program on weekends, I could perform beautifully as a model, and surprisingly, I could concentrate on the required academic courses as well. The applauses I won at each fashion show and the scholarship I earned proved that being myself was terrific. Since then, my life has changed a lot. Thus, Li Qiang
became an important friend of mine.
Last semester, we began to help young people who suffer pressures from physical defects, academic failures or financial problems. We set up a Confidence Club. Those who come to us for help find our work definitely beneficial. Our friendship has led me into a sparkling, rewarding life.
Unit Two Love
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
(1)
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
1. curled
2. minimum
3. clip
4. yielded
5. Given
6. awaiting
7. fascinated
8. affection
9. interact
10. haste
11. harden
12. grief
13. defies
14. glance
15. presence
16. lasting
17. via
18. acquire
19. manipulate
20. restraints
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(2)
1. let … loose on
2. fit into
3. hold on
4. state of affairs
5. in the course of
6. in vain
7. build … on
8. In short
9. grow used to
10. blame … on
11. reached for
12. give and take
Increasing Your Word Power
(1)
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
1. overcoat
2. overhead
3. overjoyed
4. overslept
5. overweight
6. overdue
7. overtime
8. overworking
(2)
1. crush
2. attributes
3. fancy
4. bubbled
5. grasp
6. drizzling
7. labeling
8. yield
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(3)
1. We are short of hands.
2. I still have some money in hand.
3. Give me a hand with this box, please.
4. I often keep a dictionary at hand.
5. The football fans were out of hand.
6. Hand out the pencils to everyone in the class.
7. This ring was handed down to me by my grandmother.
8. Time’s up. Please hand in your test papers.
9. Please hand on the magazine to your roommates.
10. I’m afraid I can’t help you. I’m a green hand.
GRAMMAR REVIEW
(1)
1. Sitting on the stairs was / On the stairs was sitting
2. Over the wall came / flew
3. Round the corner was
4. Then finally came
5. Under the table was lying
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
6. At / On the top of (On top of) the hill stood
(2)
1. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material to build its home with.
2. Do your parents think Tom is a nice boy to go out with? (Cross out "him")
3. The goals for which he has fought all his life seem unimportant to him now.
4. NONE.
5. The essay starts by asking a question, to which the author then gives a positive answer.
CLOZE
(1) haste
(2) state of affairs
(3) distinguished
(4) meeting of minds
(5) blossom
(6) inner charm
(7) intimacy
(8) emotion
(9) acquiring
(10) ideals
(11) admiration
(12) lasting
(13) affection
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(14) forge
(15) honor
(16) overwhelming
TRANSLATION
(1)
1. In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take /
receive the maximum while you give the minimum.
2. I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.
3. We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she
failed to survive the disease.
4. Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect day to express love to
the object of your / one’s affection.
5. In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost /
virtually simultaneous.
6. Love takes time, for it is not forged until you have grown used to the other’s company and
learned to appreciate the other.
(2)
After dinner, we all sat around the hearth. Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert. In her soft voice she told us about their past years. Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged. Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didn’t return alive, you can imagine how much overjoyed Aunt Susan was to see Uncle Robert come back safe and
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
sound from the European battlefield. Then they got married and brought up five children. For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life. I was fascinated by Aunt Susan’s story, which was totally different from my ideal of love. They practiced giving and sharing in their daily life instead of pursuing passion and
romance. Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life.
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. Male-female relations are indispensable to adults all through their lives. But different generations handle them differently. Our parents’ generation lived in an era of constraints, restraints, respect, admiration, and plenty of romance. They kept a distance from people of the
opposite gender in order to preserve the holiness of love and relationships.
My generation, on the other hand, began with countless crushes for the opposite sex just because of their superficial charm. Harmless as it was, the love was as brief as soap bubbles. As we grew up, we came to the stage of developing real relationships, believing that love demanded a lot of
give and not so much of take.
By comparison, the younger generation is more open-minded and less restricted in handling the matter of love and relationships. They jump on the bandwagon of love with so much haste that it
is difficult for them to distinguish between physical attraction and mental compatibilities.
In short, the younger generation focuses more on physical beauty, closeness and passion, and they tend to seek what they want from the relationships. The other two generations give priority to
inner charm, intimacy, emotion and sharing in dealing with relationships.
2.What Do Girl Students Look for in Love and Life?
In order to know about girl students’ opinion about love and life, a survey with girl students was conducted in 2005 in two universities — Chongqing University of Technology and Business and East China Normal University. The survey sought answers to two questions: What do you look for
first in a boyfriend? What’s the most important thing for a happy life?
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
About one third of the students chose personality as the top factor in choosing a boyfriend, followed by 27 percent focusing on abilities. Next came common interests and goals, favoured by 17 percent, with only 14 percent of students claiming appearance to be uppermost in their minds.
Fewer still, 11 percent, rated economic status as the first consideration.
As to their views about a happy life, nearly seventy percent of the girls attached the greatest importance to marriage and family. “Career” was given top priority by just under 20 percent,
while even fewer, around 9 percent, believed that money was the key to a happy life.
Based on the survey, we may conclude that nowadays, girl students generally hold a rational attitude towards love and life. Admittedly, the improved material conditions of life explain why girls take economic status and money rather lightly. But contrary to the popular view that girls are more concerned about self-development in the workplace and social status, they still regard upon
marriage and family life as central to a happy life.
Unit Three Happiness
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(1)
1. inform
2. evaluate
3. attractive
4. depression
5. leisure
6. Collective
7. decreased
8. spiritual
9. religious
10. temporary
11. scales
12. cultivate
13. suggests
14. purchase
15. inevitable
16. enable
17. reinforced
18. comparison
19. occupations
20. destructive
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(2)
1) work out
2) have a clear conscience
3) other than
4) fact of life
5) as a whole
6) relative to
7) point of view
8) in terms of
9) in part
10) took pains
11) in effect
12) serve as
13) Leave … with
14) wore out
15) better off
16) has a great deal to do with
17) from … derives
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
Increasing Your Word Power
（1）
1) 反攻，反击
2) 反要求；反诉
3) 对策；对付措施
4) 对应的人（物），对手
5) 产生相反效果的
6) 抗癌的
7) 防冻剂
8) 防污染的
9) 反对吸烟的
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
10) 不合群的；反社会的
（2）
1) decrease
2) ranking
3) concept
4) suggest
5) central, key
6) way, pattern
7) aim, goal, end
8) buy
9) seek
10) norm, criterion
11) position
12) total, amount
13) short-term
14) honest
15) sort
16) inevitable
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
（3）
1. total
2. current
3. ideal
4. relatives
5. alternative
6. objectives
7. individual
8. maximum
GRAMMAR REVIEW
(
(1)
1. was the law
2. could he free himself from feelings of guilt
3. will he now
4. have I faced so difficult a choice
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
5. are visitors allowed to feed the animals in the zoo
6. had we started lunch when the doorbell rang
7. she told me did I realize the mistake I had made
8. can you buy shoes like that
9. did he protest
10. I known what was going to happen
(2)
1. Your picture / painting is far / much more beautiful.
2. If only I could do half as well as you (have done)!
3. The publishing house has produced twice as many books as it did last year.
4. We had to do more work for less money.
5. While people are richer in material wealth, their spiritual life is poorer.
CLOZE
(1) whole
(2) However
(3) part
(4) In effect
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(5) derived
(6) purchased
(7) better off
(8) take pains
(9) necessarily
(10) to do
(11) comparison
(12) relative
(13) inevitable
(14) serve
(15) seek
TRANSLATION
(1)
1. For thousands of years philosophers have taken pains to illustrate / explain / interpret the
meaning of happiness from their own points of view.
2. When I first came to college, I suddenly found myself left with everything to deal with by myself. It was not until then did I realize that living with my parents was truly a happy experience.
3. You shouldn’t always make comparison with others; otherwise, you may be trapped in / fall into
depression, for there are always many others who are better than you.
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
4. Today people are much better off and enjoy more leisure. Strangely enough, they find life
boring / dull.
5. Life, in effect, is long but short of excitement. You are sure to suffer from inevitable
disappointment if you expect everyday life to be as exciting as a drama.
6. A life that is too easy / smooth may also be destructive because it offers no opportunity for one to learn how to deal with / handle failures / frustrations / setbacks. That / This in part explains /
accounts for the high rates of suicide among young people.
(2)
Happiness must have much to do with money. After all, a hard life will wear out one’s sense of joy.
However, happiness doesn’t derive from money alone. Today’s society as a whole has seen dramatic improvement in the standard of living, and the majority of people are decently fed and clothed. However, are people happier today? In fact, when the mass media and commercial advertisements are still reinforcing the notion that to be happy is to possess more, people find themselves longing more earnestly than ever for a happy and healthy spiritual life: being loved, respected, feeling safe and proud of realizing their self-value. As a wise man once pointed out, happiness lies in the positive attitude one holds towards life other than how much money one earns. Those millionaires who view life as boring and empty serve as good negative examples.
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. Man Does Not Live by Bread Alone
No one would doubt the truth that man’s existence relies essentially on material things. We need them to get fed, clothed and sheltered. Once we are living near the breadline, we’ll feel frustrated
and miserable.
However, our contentment does not merely lie in material things. This is especially the case in modern times. The fast-developing economy has noticeably improved our lives and fulfilled most of our material needs. Then there comes the need of spiritual satisfaction, which is derived from good health, close friends, a loving spouse, well-raised children, a home built on love, a clear
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
conscience, a worthy goal and an enjoyable job. While material things may lose their charm over
time, spiritual satisfaction will bring us lasting happiness.
Therefore, to live a happy life, we should focus more on those things that meet our spiritual demands. After all, when our need for bread is met, happiness will not come unless we feel
spiritually satisfied.
2. I Really Made It
I will never forget the awful feeling in my first Oral English class at college. I tried hard to listen
to every word the teacher spoke, but what she was saying made no sense to me. Bitterly, I
admitted that I was so poor at listening and speaking in English.
I wept several times, cursing my middle school for failing to provide adequate listening and speaking practice. But finally I calmed down because the familiar words rang in my ears: There must be a way out. I had a rather solid foundation of English vocabulary and grammar. What was left for me to do was to increase my listening input and speaking output. I made it a rule that every morning I would do reading aloud by the campus lake for 40 minutes, and every evening I would
stay in the language lab, listening to English for at least an hour.
Then at the end of the second year came my happiest moment: I got the Scholarship for Academic Excellence. I wore a broad smile when the president granted me the award. I then came to realize
that happiness can only be gained through hard work.
Unit Four Health
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(1)
1. indifferent
2. prejudice
3. appealing
4. rendered
5. threats
6. respect
7. isolate
8. sucked
9. infected
10. ignorance
11. namely
12. probable
13. reluctantly
14. applause
15. wept
16. issued
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
17. shelter
18. contracted
19. cheated
20. tolerated
(2)
1. guard against
2. concern yourself with
3. make room for
4. bring … to an end
5. in the hope of
6. on the ground(s) that
7. at risk
8. set aside
9. As regards
10. cut off
11. Owing to
12. Carry on
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
Increasing Your Word Power
(1)
1)accurate accuracy 精确，准确（度）
2) advocate advocacy 提倡；鼓吹
3) consistent consistency一致性；连贯性
4) delicate delicacy 细嫩；精美
5) efficient efficiency 效能，效率
6) intimate intimacy 亲密，密切
7) president presidency总统等的职位
8) private privacy 隐私；独处
9) secret secrecy 保密；保密能力
10) self-sufficient self-sufficiency自给自足
(2)
1. secrecy
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
2. presidency
3. consistency
4. efficiency
5. privacy
6. intimacy
7. accuracy
8. self-sufficiency
9. advocacy
10. delicacy
(3)
1. justification
2. justice
3. justifiable
4. justify
5. justified
6. just
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
GRAMMAR REVIEW
(1)
1. I can discuss the matter with you now if (it is) necessary (to do so).
2. When (they are) watching the World Cup, the students often cheer loudly.
3. Unless (you are) otherwise instructed, you should leave by the back exit.
4. Perhaps I could not write a best-seller and (I) will never be able to (do so).
5. In the accident the child was hurt and the mother (was) killed.
6. Speaking exercises one’s tongue, reading (exercises) one’s eyes and writing (exercises) one’s
mind.
(2.1)
1. to reach an agreement in such a delicate situation
2. the way he keeps changing his mind
3. that perhaps he was lying
4. to be asked to speak here
5. buying so much food when the children are all away
(2.2)
1. It is disappointing
2. I find it useless / pointless
3. It is not possible / It is impossible
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
4. They kept it a secret / kept it quiet
5. It is still not clear
CLOZE
(1) threat
(2) at risk
(3) infected
(4) prejudice
(5) isolated
(6) contracted
(7) shelter
(8) grieve
(9) along
(10) pathway
(11) issue
(12) bring
(13) evil
(14) concern ourselves with
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(15) support
TRANSLATION
(1)
1) They took their sick father on a long journey to Beijing in the hope of finding a cure for /in the
hope of curing his heart disease / problem.
2) The campaign of Knowing More About AIDS needs to be carried on, and for / at this stage the
emphasis is put on the way (how) the disease is contracted.
3) If power is properly applied / used / exercised, the lives of the common people will be rendered
happy. If not, their daily life will be placed under threat.
4) Could a government justifiably use nuclear weapons to guard against terrorist attacks?
5) Owing to ignorance of the disease, many people still believe that HIV victims deserve what
they suffer.
6) The newly issued report on improving the medical system in rural areas leads us to believe that the era is to be brought to an end when such areas are always short of doctors and medicines
(2)
Retirement brings people’s career to an end. They find, all of a sudden, that they can no more / longer carry on the job they have done for dozens of years. Some old people cannot adapt themselves to such a change and thus become depressed, believing that they are no longer useful. Indeed, depression has become one of the leading threats to old people’s health. Nonetheless, many old people in China are able to maintain their sense of usefulness by rendering their
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
grown-up children services, such as taking care of their grandchildren and providing allowances to them. The question remains as to whether senior citizens should try other means to fill up their leisure, rendering their later years still more meaningful. I suggest the old concern themselves less with their children and make room for young people to take responsibility for their own lives. After all, the old deserve respect from the young and the young should tolerate their aged parents more, on the grounds that the old have contributed so much for so many years both to their family
and to society.
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. AIDS Across the Earth
AIDS has killed and is threatening to kill millions all across the earth. Several million infections are reported by WHO each year. The virus does not care whether you are black or white, male or female, young or old. It will attack you as long as you are a human. Today, AIDS has become the leading killer of young adults and is turning the children whose parents suffer the disease into
orphans. It is no exaggeration to say that we live under the shadow of AIDS.
There are several possible causes for such a situation: unsafe sexual intercourse; sharing or reusing contaminated needles; transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products; an infected person’s pregnancy, giving birth and breastfeeding, etc. Unfortunately, our ignorance, prejudice and silence have carried the situation to a desperate extreme. Patients are isolated or treated as outcasts by their families and their communities. AIDS victims feel ashamed to be identified as such and try hard to hide their disease. For this reason, they cannot get immediate medical treatment. Our harmful attitudes towards the disease and its victims have actually placed more people at risk.
In our fight against this deadly disease, we should educate people on how to avoid being infected with the disease and how to lead a healthy and secure life and, more importantly, how to treat
AIDS patients properly. Only in this way can we really bring AIDS under control.
2. Why Do the Young Adults Kill Themselves?
Young adults are in the prime of their lives and are supposed to pursue their dreams and enjoy themselves. Yet it was reported in the Guardian that suicide is the main cause of death among
young adults in China. Why have so many young people ended their lives?
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
Three factors are thought to account for the high suicide rate: increasing stress, loneliness and a lack of medical support for depression. The most pressing one, I think, is stress. Take my college life for example. From the first day I entered the university, I have been living under pressure. I used to worry that I could not quite fit into the campus life; I also feared that I might not catch up with my classmates in my studies or could not live up to my parents’ expectations. Now I am deeply concerned about whether I can find a desirable job after graduation. Endless pressures give rise to stress. Loneliness is another problem. Many young people find they just feel helpless when
they are suffering intolerable sadness or frustration.
Suicide is a great tragedy, especially for the young. If we can find ways to relieve them of their
stress and offer timely help, we may save many young lives.
Unit Five Education
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
(1)
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
1. associate
2. equipped
3. combined
4. emphasis
5. enlighten
6. phase
7. graded
8. commented
9. inspection
10. passively
11. rural
12. negotiate
13. indispensable
14. illusion
15. implemented
16. decline
17. reconcile
18. practically
19. residents
20. virtual
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(2)
1. so to speak
2. try out
3. in store
4. lend themselves to
5. turn my back on
6. in accordance with
7. crying out for
8. is … the case
9. step in
10. calm down
11. brought back
12. go after
13. reflect on
14. get out of
15. For want of
16. Oddly enough
17. in favor of
18. in turn
19. hit on \ upon
20. to this end
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
21. calls for
22. brought about
Increasing Your Word Power
(1)
1. multimedia equipment
2. multipurpose furniture
3. a multifunction cell phone
4. a multi-storey car park
5. a multicultural curriculum
6. a multi-subject dictionary
7. a multi-channel television set
8. a multinational society
(2)
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
1. e
2. g
3. a
4. h
5. d
6. f
7. b
8. c
(3)
1).a. a virtual university b. an online counseling center c. a keyboard college
d. an online chat room e. a virtual environment f. the electrically charged space
g. cyberspace
2) a. a home computer b. tariff-free email packets c. the World Wide Web
d. electronic bulletin boards
3) a. cyber education b. online degree programs
GRAMMAR REVIEW
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(1)
1. He is such a shy boy that he flushes whenever he speaks to a girl.
2. It was such a well-written report that I couldn’t believe it was written by her.
3. He hasn’t seen his son for such a long time that he has almost forgotten what he looks like.
4. There were so many people in the stadium that I believed half of the town were there.
5. Mother rejected my request so firmly that I knew I should not bring up the matter again.
(2)
1. In the UK, up to one third of pipe water leaks away before it reaches its destination (目的地).
2. Bob was just home from holiday when a friend called to tell him about his father’s death.
3. Sometimes we put off writing letters of thanks because we think letters can wait until other
matters are dealt with.
4. We shall set off on our journey as planned unless there’s a sudden change in the weather.
5. Much as I like chocolate, I have never eaten a single bar of it since I began to put on weight.
CLOZE
1) To this end
2) in store
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
3) indispensable
4) calls for
5) diversity
6) implement
7) In accordance with
8) emphasis
9) combining
10) in depth
11) equip
12) goes after
13) access
14) get … out of
TRANSLATION
(1)
1. Cultivating the right emotions is indispensable in that / because it lays the foundations for the
successes of one’s future work and studies.
2. West China is crying out for talented people for its development. To this end, the government has laid down / made favorable policies, calling for more college graduates to go and work there.
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
3. How can you turn your back on me when I am in such difficulty? We have gone through trials
and tribulations for practically half a century.
4. Web addicts spend so much time on the Internet that they are unable to draw a distinction
between the virtual world and the real world.
5. Urban / City residents often have the illusion that rural life is always leisurely and comfortable.
In fact, that may not be the case.
6. Distance learning is a global trend. With its quick growth / development, people are given / can
enjoy an equally convenient access to educational resources, no matter where they are
(2)
Scientific development has brought about global changes in educational thought. It not only generates such a new form of education as "virtual universities" but turns "lifelong learning" into a
workable project. In addition, people today seem to be in favor of practical knowledge. But whatever changes there might have been, education must stick to its classic role: to enlighten learners. Confronted with the new problems of this century, we still expect that education should
put more emphasis on cultivating learners' competence to think critically and to work
collaboratively / with team spirit. Furthermore, we hope that education will take the responsibility of promoting traditional virtues by guiding learners to dispense with negative desires like greed,
lust and violence.
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. The Significance of Lifelong Education
Decades ago, due to the low standard of living in China, only a small percentage of the nation's population could receive college education. Once given the opportunity, one would surely secure a well-paid and much-respected job, which he or she would probably do for a lifetime. Therefore, to
secure a college degree used to be the ultimate goal of a person's education.
Today, however, we are living in what is called a "knowledge society", where creative ideas and innovations are generated at a fantastic speed. One must constantly renew one's knowledge and
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
upgrade one's skills so as to meet the needs of the changing world. Moreover, at the stage of general education, it is pointless for a person to attempt to know everything. When one is required to settle down to be a specialist in a specific field, one has to make an in-depth study of the subject
one is supposed to know. In this sense, general education can provide students with only a passport to lifelong education. As Robert Maynard Hutchins once said, the object of education is
to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives.
In my opinion, life in modern society is not only a process of "learning to live" but also a process of "living to learn". The slogan "Live and Learn" can best reflect the concept of lifelong education.
2. Should Family Schooling Exist?
Meng Mu Tang, a private school in Shanghai, is modeled after the educational system of ancient Chinese home schools, which favored rote memorization and recitation of classic works. But the local education authorities in Shanghai have declared it illegal according to a report in 21st
Century. Should family schooling exist? What role should it play?
In my opinion, family schooling should be permitted to play a positive role in the current
educational system in China. Every family should be free to choose the form of education that best suits their children's interests and natural gifts. Although the existing education system in China has remarkably improved, it does not fit each child perfectly. Since family schooling provides a means to develop a person's talents and unique interest, Meng Mu Tang, as a private school geared to a specific group of children, should not be banned in haste. In view of the current dynamic, quality-minded educational reforms in China, we should permit family schooling to enrich and
diversify our educational system.
On the other hand, home schooling should adapt itself to the modern world. To prepare children for the future, it should equip them with knowledge and innovative power so that they can cope
with the development of the modern world. While tapping children's innate talents on an individual basis, family schooling should never neglect their all-round development. Meng Mu Tang may not be a perfect private school, but we should let it live and have a try so that family
schooling may eventually become an indispensable component of our formal education.
Unit Six Intercultural Communication
Enhance Your Language Awareness
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
(1)
1. proof
2. slice
3. efficiency
4. capacity
5. abroad
6. symbol
7. invitations
8. dictate
9. proceeded
10. splashes
11. tender
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
12. resist
13. flavor
14. familiarity
15. transmitted
16. tremendous
17. cure
18. slippery
19. funeral
20. transplanted
(2)
1. help yourself to
2. a fish out of water
3. due to
4. from head to toe
5. orient myself to
6. as such
7. on the … side
8. by means of
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
9. build up
10. win … over
11.identify themselves with
12. get over
13. enter into
14. opening up
15. resulted from
16. held our breath
Increasing Your Word Power
(1)
1) Internet互联网
2) interlock (使）连锁；（使）相互扣住
3) interview 面谈，面试
4) interrelate （使）相互关联
5) interchange 交换，互换
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
6) intercourse交往；沟通
7) interconnect互相连接
8) interdependence 互相依赖
9) an intercity train 城际列车
10) intercontinental travel洲际旅行
11) an international flight国际航班
12) interpersonal relations人际关系
13) intercollegiate cooperation校际合作
14) an interclass football match班际足球比赛
(2)
1. charged
2. condemn
3. scold
4. blame
5. accused of
6. condemned
7. blames
8. criticized
(3)
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
1. boil
2. steamed
3. fried
4. bake
5. roasted
6. preserved
7. grilled
8. stew
GRAMMAR REVIEW
(1)
1. The announcement was followed by a not unexpected silence.
2. Exhausted and hungry, she could not walk without my help.
3. There's nobody who makes no mistakes in his lifetime.
4. You can't search my house without a warrant.
5. A life lived without dreams can't be as rich and rewarding as life can be.
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
6. The American West is a region where farming is impossible / not possible without irrigation.
(2)
1.The longer I am at this job, the happier I am.
2.The more risky it is, the more I like it.
3.The sooner you start, the easier / sooner you'll finish it.
4.The more people you know, the less time you'll spend with them.
5.The more you learn, the less you find you know.
CLOZE
(1) transplanted
(2) cues
(3) tendency
(4) frustration
(5) attributed
(6) cures
(7) capacity
(8) built up
(9) by means of
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
(10) due to
(11) orient … to
(12) get over
(13) opens up
(14) In addition
TRANSLATION
(1)
1. As a proof of our hospitality, we Chinese will repeatedly ask our guests to help themselves to
the dishes on the table.
2. It is by means of listening to what people say and observing how they behave that we’ve
strengthened our own capacity to learn about / understand society.
3. One’s sense of safety comes from familiarity with the environment; so people have the tendency
to resist or avoid new situations.
4. We tend to show prejudice against or even hostility towards people from a certain region, which
can be attributed to the fact that we are unfamiliar with them.
5. I believe it is polite to decline directly, while my parents seldom say “No” so as not to
embarrass others.
6. There are two means to build up knowledge: to get it personally or by second-hand experience.
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
Reading, which opens up a new world of different cultures for us, belongs to second-hand
experience.
(2)
Once transplanted abroad, people will feel anxious and even lose the capacity to deal with daily routines. This problem is attributed to the disappearance of the surroundings we have been used to. Then, what should we do so as to change the life styles and patterns built up in us over so many years? First, we should be more tolerant towards people with cultural backgrounds different from ours. To get over frustrations caused by culture shock, we should try to adapt ourselves to the new environment and get along with our workmates harmoniously. Furthermore, we should never identify a person with the nationality he represents or proceed to hate the person’s culture only because we don’t like him. In fact, to preserve our national culture is not to resist foreign ones.
THEME-RELATED WRITING
1. My Views on Cultural Differences
In my opinion, cultural differences have more advantages than disadvantages. First of all, it is cultural differences that make our world so colorful. If you go to a foreign country, you will be impressed not only by its physical environment but also by its cultural environment — its foods, clothes, customs, social practices, etc. Differences between cultures have always been a source of
joy and inspiration.
Secondly, differences in culture enrich human civilization. Different cultures compete with as well as learn from each other. Roman culture was modeled on Greek culture, which had once borrowed
a lot from Egyptian culture. American culture is also a blend of many different cultures.
Thirdly, differences in culture give each culture its unique identity. A culture is usually seen in relation to other cultures. Chinese culture distinguishes itself from others by its peculiar concepts
and things that can hardly be found elsewhere.
Of course, cultural differences may cause conflicts and misunderstandings. But interdependence, common interests and mutual goals of different nations always outweigh differences in culture. Nations with different cultures should learn from each other and live peacefully together. To this
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案
end, we should be more tolerant to other cultures while preserving, protecting and developing our
own.
2. My Views on the Influence of Western Culture
On weekends, I gather with my friends at MacDonald's or KFC. We eat fried chicken, drink Coco-cola and talk about the latest release of Hollywood movies. We read foreign novels, listen to Western music and watch NBA. We admire Bill Gates, George Michael and Princess Diana. We dress ourselves in the Western style and celebrate Christmas and Valentine's Day. Our way of life has thus changed. Indeed, the influence of Western culture is strongly felt in our everyday life.
This influence in turn prepares us well to blend into the modern world and participate in the world market competition. But we should not ignore its side effects. Our national culture may gradually lose its ground if our attention is focused only upon Western culture. In following the trend of globalization we should maintain our own cultural identity, cherish our cultural tradition and develop our own culture. What Mahatma Gandhi once said can best sum up my views on the influence of Western culture: "I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my
windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all the lands to be blown about my house as freely as
possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any."
Unit Seven The Olympic Spirit
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in action
Working with Words and Expressions
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四 : 新世纪大学英语综合教程3翻译答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后翻译答案
U1
1.以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的 The friendship grounded on common interest does not break up easily
2孩子们必须学会将电脑游戏中的暴力与勇敢区分开来
.Children must learn to distinguish between violence and bravery in computer games.
3.当今世界每天涌现如此多新鲜事物，
要求一个人什么都知晓是不合情理的
There spring up so many new tings everyday in the world that it is no longer sensible to expect a person to know everything.
4.诸如背弃朋友这类事并不受法律制约，
所以才有了我们称作的道德法庭
Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends,that is why there is what we call the court of morality
5.有人把今天的文化描述为快餐文化。(www.61k.com]无论做什么事，
人们只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足
Today’s culture is described as fast-food culture, whatever they may be; people just pursue the greatest satisfaction within the shortest time.
6.常言说，天下没有免费的午餐。如果你想要什么,就得去挣 As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and earn it.
U2
1无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出
最少而得到最多。In either friendship or love, ou should never expect to receive the maximum while you give the minimum.
2.我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果
却发现他根本不是个真诚的人。
I built all my hopes on his promises, only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.
3. 们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但一切努力都是 徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病。We took mother to all the best hospitals we could find,but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.
4.情人节是一个一年一度在2月14日庆祝的节日，
一个向自己心仪的对象表达爱意的好日子。
Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14,a perfect day to express love to the object of your affection.
5.在信息时代，通过电子邮件方式跟远方的朋友交流几乎可以是 同步的.In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost simultaneous.
6.爱情需要时间，因为只有慢慢习惯和学会欣赏对方才会
产生出爱情.Love takes time ，for it is not forged until you have grown used to the other’s company and learned to appreciate the other.
1
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3翻译答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后翻译答案
U3
1.千百年来哲学家们费尽心机从各自的角度阐释何为幸福.
For thousands of years philosophers have taken pains to explain the meaning of happiness
from their own points of view.
2.刚上大学的时候，突然发现自己得处理所有日常事物，
知道那是自己才觉得在父母身边生活真是幸福。(www.61k.com）
When I first came to college，I suddenly found
myself left with everything to deal with by myself。 I was not until then did I realize that living with my parents was truly a happy experience.
3.你不要总是和别人攀比，否则你可能会陷入
忧郁之中，因为毕竟有许多人比你强。
You should not always make comparison with others； otherwise， you may be trapped in depression，
for there are always others who are better than you.
4.今天人们生活比以前富裕多了，闲暇时间也多了，
奇怪的是人们反而觉得生活乏味了。
Today people are much better off and enjoy more leisure. Strangely enough，they find life boring.
5.事实上，人生是漫长而缺少兴奋的。如果期待每天
都如戏剧般精彩必定会遭遇失望。
Life，in effect，is long but short of excitement.
You are sure to suffer from inevitable disappointment if you expect everyday life to be as exciting as drama.
6.过于顺利的生活可能具有破坏性，因为人们没有机会
学会怎样应对挫折。这能部分解释年轻人居高不下的自杀率。 A life that is too smooth may also be destructive
because it offers no opportunity for one to learn how to deal with failures. That in part explains the high rates of suicide among young people.
U4
1.他们带着生病的父亲远赴北京，希望能治好他的心脏病。
They took their sick father on a long journey to Beijing in the hope of finding a cure for his
heart disease.
2.普及艾滋病知识的活动需要继续开展，
这个阶段的重点放在这种病的传播途径。
The campaign of Knowing More About AIDS needs to be carried on, and for this stage the emphasis is put on the way the disease is contracted.
3.权力如果运用得当则百姓安居乐业，运用不当则
殃及百姓日常生计。
If power is properly applied，the lives of the common people will be rendered happy. If not,
their daily life will be placed under threat.
4.政府使用核武器来防御恐怖袭击算是正当行为么？
Could a government justifiably use nuclear
weapons to guard against terrorist attacks？
5.由于缺乏对这种病的了解，许多人依然认为HIV受害者
都是自作自受。
Owing to ignorance of the disease，many people still believe that HIV victims deserve what they suffer.
6.新发布的关于改善农村医疗系统的报告让我们相信
农村地区缺医少药的时代终将结束。
The newly issued report on improving the medical system in rural areas leads us to believe that the era is to be an end when such areas are always short of doctors and medicines
2
新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3翻译答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后翻译答案
U5
1.正确的感情是极其必要的，因为它可以为一个
人将来学习和工作的成功奠定基础。（www.61k.com）
Cultivating the right emotions is indispensable in that it lays the foundations for the success of one’s future work and studies.
2.中国西部发展急需人才，政府为此制定了优惠政策，号召更多大 学毕业生去西部工作。West China is crying out for
talented people for its development .To this end， the government has laid down favorable policies，
calling for more college graduates to go and work there.
3.你怎么可以在我这样艰难的时候对我置之不理呢？
们患难与共差不多半个世纪了。
How can you turn your back on me when I am in such difficulty? We have gone through trials and
tribulations for practically half a century.
4.网虫们很多时间都泡在网上，以至于他们无法分辨
虚拟世界与现实世界。Web addicts spend so much time on the Internet that they are unable to draw a
distinction between the virtual world and the real world.
5.生活在城市的人常常会有这样的幻想：乡村生活是
闲适安逸的。其实不一定是这回事儿。
Urban residents often have the illusion that rural life is always leisurely and comfortable. In fact, that may not be the case.
6.远程学习是个全球化的趋势。随着它的迅速发展，人们
无论身处何地都能有同样方便的途径享受教育资源。
Distance learning is a global trend. With its quick growth，people are given an equally convenient access to educational resources，no matter where they are.
U6
1.我们中国人会再三地请客人多吃饭桌上的菜，以表明我们好客。 As a proof of our hospitality，we Chinese will
repeatedly ask our guests to help themselves to the dishes on the table.
2.正是通过倾听人们的谈话和观察他们的举止，我们才加强
了了解社会的能力。It is by means of listening to what people say and observing how they behave that we’re strengthened our own capacity to understand society.
3.安全感常常来自对环境的熟悉，所以人们对于陌生的环境
往往会抵制或避开。One’s sense of safety comes from
familiarity with the environment；so people have the tendency to resist or avoid new situations.
4.我们常常对某地区的人产生偏见甚至敌意，这是由于
我们不熟悉他们。We tend to show prejudice against or even hostility towards people from a certain region， which can be attributed to the fact that we are unfamiliar with then.
5.我觉得直接拒绝是一种礼貌，而我父母却很少说“不”，
以免使对方为难。I believe it is polite to decline directly，while my parents seldom say“No” so as not to embarrass others.
6.知识积累有两种方式：亲身体验和间接体验。能为我们打开
不同文化世界的阅读属于间接体验。
There are two means to build up knowledge：to get it personally or by second-hand experience。Reading， which opens up a new world of different cultures for us, belongs to second-hand experience.
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新世纪大学英语综合教程3答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程3翻译答案
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后翻译答案
U7
1.奥运旗帜白色背景上印着五个相连的彩色圆圈，代表五大洲。(www.61k.com） Against the white background， the Olympic flag features five interlinked color circles， representing the five continents.
2.他差0.02秒就得金牌。那些目睹这一比赛的人们不禁 发出叹息。He narrowly missed the gold medal by 0.02 seconds. Those who had witnessed the race could not help giving a sign.
3.长跑比赛是对耐力的一大考验。运动员不仅流汗， 还会流泪，甚至流血。Long-distance race is a hard test on tolerance. The athletes shed not only sweat, but also tears, and even blood.
4.绊到另一个选手的脚，他摔倒在跑道上，但他很快爬起来， 一瘸一拐的走到终点。Having tripped over another athlete’s foot, he fell down on the track, but he soon rose to hie feet and limped to the finish line.
5.故事的最初版本是这样的：那个助理教练因为率队打赢 了与古巴队的比赛而一夜成名。The original version of the story goes like this, the assistant coach rose to fame overnight by leading his team to conquer Cuba.
6.有些运动员承认以提高竞技成绩为名服用过兴奋剂， 而且他们的教练也不对这种违法行为表示异议。
Some sportsmen confessed that they had taken dope in the name of improving
performance，and that their coaches showed no disagreement with such illegal acts.
U8
1.那些认为自己拥有更多特权的人往往会有优越感
Those who suppose they possess more privileges tend to have feelings of superiority
2.高关税和反倾销政策会消弱外国产品在本土市场的竞争力 High tariffs and an anti-dumping policy will undermine he competitive edge of the foreign products in the domestic market
3.如果各部门能协调好，大家为共同利益而努力，
我们一定能成功If all the departments can be well coordinated and all of us pull together for the common good, we are bound to succeed.
4.为了防止盗窃，学校已经制定规章制度，明确规定了 大楼看管员的职责To be on guard against theft, the school has issued regulations specifying the duties of the door keepers.
5.大家都称道良好的举止，因此良好的举止肯定会增强 你和他人交朋友的机会Good manners are always
appreciated. It follows that good manners will enhance your chances of marking friends with other people
6.不要小看标点符号，有时候误用一个标点符号确实 可以改变一句话的意思Punctuation marks should not be taken lightly; sometimes the use of a wrong punctuation mark can literally change the meaning of a sentence.
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五 : 新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35
Unit1 textA
友谊的真谛
1.我们讨论友谊这个概念时.遇到的第一个问题时,没有社会公认的择友标准.在某一情境下,我们会把某个人称为朋友;然而情景一旦变迁.朋友这个称呼就显得没那么贴切了.因此人们对友谊的真谛的理解往往非常肤浅的.为了帮助我们理解友谊的真正含义,我们需要回顾有关友谊的几种传统的看法.
一种传统的友谊观在希腊著名的哲学家亚里士多德的著作里得以阐述.他将自己心中真正的友谊痛另外两种友谊截然分开.这两种友谊分别是:基于互利的友谊,基于愉悦的友谊.因此.根据亚里士多德的观点,我们可以将友谊分为三类.
2.建立在功利之上的友谊.功利并非永恒,它依照环境而变化.友谊的根基一旦消失,友谊也随之破灭.这类友谊似乎在老人之间最为常见,因为上了年纪的人需要的不是愉悦而是实用.基于功利的友谊也是同样存在于追逐个人利益中年人和青年人中.这些人不会再一起消磨时光,因为他们有时甚至不喜欢对方,因而觉得除非可以相互利用,否则没有将往的必要.只有当他们认为彼此有希望相互利用的时候,才会乐于呆在一起.
3.建立在愉悦之上的友谊.年轻人之间的友谊常被看作是建立在愉悦基础上的,因为年轻人的生活受感情支配,他们感兴趣的主要是自己的快乐和眼前的重要机会.然而,他们的情趣随着自己日渐成长也会变化无常,,甚至一日数变,难怪他们的友谊总是迅速地开始,又匆匆地结束,
4.建立在美德之上的友谊.完美无瑕的友谊立足于美德.只有那些品德高尚而且拥有相似美德的人之间建立的友谊才是最完美的,品行高尚的人,其行为时相同的,或者是类似的,爱和友谊多半在品行高尚的人之间发生,而且以最高雅的形式出现.这种友谊是罕见的,需要时间,需要交往,常言道,真正的朋友必须同甘共苦,历经风雨,只有当两个人互相证明自己值得爱并获得对方的信任之后,彼此方能接受对方朋友.交友的意愿可能倏忽而至,但真正的友谊却要慢慢培养.
5.另一种传统的友谊观的友谊可以在古罗马政治家,演说家西塞罗的著作里找到.西塞罗认为,真正的友谊只能在好人之间发生,他进而将“好人”定义为“那些行为和生活无损于自己的荣誉,纯洁,公平和开朗的人,那些拜托了贪婪,欲念和暴力的人;那些敢于依照自己的信念说话和做事的人.”好人之间建立的这种友谊立足于美德,它确定可以带来物质利益,但决不以追求物质利益为目标.人类生活在共同的理想为基础的社会.因此,在处理朋友关系和其他人际关系时,优越于他人的人必须平等地对待那些没那么幸运的人,美德创造友谊,美德使友谊之树常青.
6. 我们因此可以看出,传统的友谊观由三个要素构成:朋友以相伴为乐,朋友必须彼此收益;彼此都有至于崇高的事业.这些传统的友谊观告诉我们,两个品德高尚的朋友是永不分离的,因为彼此认同对方的高尚品德.因此,认识朋友就是认识自我,了解朋友就是了解自我,可以说朋友就好比是一面镜子,每个人都可以朋友身上看清自己.置身于品德高尚的朋友之中,我们会对美德达成共识,共同为
之不遗余力.这样的友谊是永恒的,因为朋友应该具备的一切品质都凝结在这种友谊关系中.
Unit1 textB
二十年之后
欧·亨利
将近夜里十点，巡逻警察来到这条街上，样子威严，不时地看看街道两边的店铺，警惕的目光落在店铺的大门和橱窗上。身材魁梧的他，俨然一副和平卫士的模样。 在一个街区走到一半时，他突然放慢了步伐。只见一个光线黯淡的五金店门口，站着一个人，嘴里叼着没有点燃的雪茄。他走了过去，那人赶紧开腔：
“没事儿，警官，”他说道。“我只是在等个朋友。这可是二十年前的约定。听起来有点好笑吧？我跟你说，二十年前这里曾经是个饭店。”
“五年前才拆的。”警察说道。
门口那人划了根火柴，点燃了雪茄。火光中可见一张苍白的脸，方下巴，目光敏锐，右边眉毛附近有一道白色的细小伤疤。
“二十年前的今晚，”那人说，“我和我最好的朋友吉米· 韦尔斯就在这里吃的饭。他可是个再好不过的家伙了。我俩在纽约这儿一起长大，好得像兄弟俩，那年我十八，他二
十。第二天早上我就要动身去西部发财。唉，要想让吉米离开纽约可是比登天还难哪！在他眼里人世间就只有纽约这么一个地方。不过我俩那天晚上约定，二十年后的今日此刻，无论各自的境况如何，无论各自远在何方，都要在这里相
聚。我们当时认为，二十年后，不管各自做什么，有什么样的命运，发多大的财，一切都该成了定局。”
“听起来还真有意思，”警察说道。“那你离开后就再没有你朋友吉米的消息了？” “不，我们通过一阵子信，”那人答道，“可一两年后就断了音信。要知道，西部幅员辽阔，荒蛮原始，我又一直四处奔波，东跑西颠。不过，我确信，吉米只要活着，他会来见我的。他是这世界上最信得过的人。他绝对不会忘记。我千里迢迢来到这儿就是为了今晚站在这门口，只要我那老伙计露面，我也就不虚此行了。他是不会食言的。”
那守候的人掏出一只精致的怀表，表盖上缀满了小粒钻石。
“九点五十七分，”他说道，“我们是十点整在饭店门口的这个地方挥手告别的。” “在西部混得不错吧？”警察问道。
“那还用说！吉米干得有我一半好就不错了。”
警察转了转警棍，迈出了一两步。
“我走了，但愿你的朋友会按时赴约。”
“我至少会等他半个小时，”那人说，“吉米要是还活着，他会在我走之前来的。再见，警官。”
“晚安，先生，”警察说完，又继续巡逻，边走边检查店门。
这时，天下起了蒙蒙细雨，冷冰冰的，起风了。为了履行和少时好友的约定，那个不远千里来到这里的人还站在五金店的门口，抽着雪茄。
约二十分钟后，一个身着大衣、衣领立起的高个子男人从街对面匆匆走了过来，径直走向那守候者。
“鲍勃，是你吗？”他狐疑地问道。
“你是吉米·韦尔斯？”门口那人高声叫道。
“天哪！”新来者高兴地大叫了起来，一把握住了那人的双手。“是鲍勃，真的是鲍勃！我就知道，只要你还活着，我就会在这里找到你。哎呀呀，二十年啊，时间可真不短！老兄，西部待你怎样？”
“西部给了我想要的一切。你变了很多啊，吉米！没想到你长高了二三英寸呢。” “哦，二十岁后我又长了点个子。”
“在纽约混得不错吧，吉米？”
“马马虎虎。在市政部门做事。走吧，鲍勃，咱们到我熟悉的一个地方去，好好地叙叙旧吧。”
两人手挽着手，沿街前行，西部来的这位开始讲他的发迹史，另一位饶有兴致地听着。
拐角处有一家药店，灯光明亮。来到通明的光线里，两人同时转身盯住对方的脸。 西部来的人突然停下来，抽出手臂。
“你不是吉米·韦尔斯！”他突然喊道，“二十年时间是很长，但也不至于把鹰钩鼻变成了塌鼻梁。”
“可是有时二十年会把一个好人变成恶棍，”高个子说
道。“十分钟前你就已经被捕了。芝加哥方面认为你可能到我们这里来了，他们要和你谈谈。还是老老实实地跟我们走吧，放聪明点！不过，我们去警所之前，你先看看这张字
条，是一个人托我交给你的。你就在橱窗边上看吧。”
西部来的人展开小字条。开始读的时候手握得很稳，可读完时，手微微地抖动了起来。字条很短：
“鲍勃：我准时赴约了。当你划亮火柴点燃雪茄时，我发现你正是受到芝加哥警方通缉的人。可我自己无论如何动不了手，所以就走开，找了个便衣行使职责。吉米。”
Unit2 textA
你的爱有多深|
1, 有人认为爱如浮云，有人认为爱坚强如铁，有人认为爱是一种生活方式，有
人认为爱是一种感觉，有人说爱要执着，有人说爱不要约束，有人说爱是生命的全
部，有人说不知道爱为何物。
2 在我们生命中的某个阶段，我们会经历难以名状的情 感。这种情感只能体会，
无法用语言描述。莫大的喜悦伴随着丝丝的伤感一同降临，这就是爱。
3 在紧张忙碌的生活中，我们竟能找到时间，沉湎于感情之中，这的确令人感佩。
然而，此时我想知道：我们是否懂得爱到底有多么深刻。记得上学的时候，我迷恋的对象真是数不清：我的数学老师、邻居的儿子、好朋友的弟弟，还有另外一些因为眼睛的颜色、胡子的形状或走路的姿势而让我倾慕的人。年少时的爱慕，不会带来伤害，如肥皂泡一样转瞬即逝。那些稚气、大胆的想法和行为，现在想来大可一笑了之。但是，在那时，对我来说，没有比恋爱更重要的事 了。接着就进入了真正“谈”情“说”爱的阶段。
4我在女子学校学习，和男孩子交往的机会寥寥无几，因此，我热切地期待着我
们学校和男子学校举办的交谊会。交谊会上，一群精心打扮的年轻男子毫无顾忌地盯着我们。这三个小时中的点点滴滴，成了我们在以后四个星期中足够的谈资，我们在议论时，心情澎湃。
5即使是在那个时候，我也没有真正交男朋友的需要。、
6在我的成长岁月中，不知何故，我相信爱情该来的时候自然会来。事实果真如
此。当我有了稳定的工作，有了长期的计划和比较安定的生活（我现在还不到25岁呢！）时，爱情降临了。我也比较成熟了，能够步入不贪图许多回报而需要大量付出的感情关系。
7 我的爱情是在友谊这块地基上建起的高楼大厦。爱情经过旷日持久的培养才开
花。我和我的恋人相互理解、同甘共苦、相互关心，投入了丰富的感情，才使爱情发展到今天。爱情意味着情投意合。你也许会说，我属于浪漫的传统派。但是，依我看，爱情需要培养。我们必须把爱情同强烈而短暂的激情或身体的愉悦区别开来。 8 我们的父辈，接受了理想爱情的灌输。那是一个约束、压抑、崇敬、仰慕和十
足浪漫的年代。长裙、娴静质朴的外表、卷曲的长发、恬静的气质、羞怯的目光——这一切常使人想起一个消逝久远的年代。那个年代，男女之间的距离无论如何都有助于维持爱情以及恋爱关系的神圣性。
9 年轻的一代人，由于观念开放，随着男女之间交往界线的消退，他们便急于赶
浪头，匆忙恋爱，以至于难以区分身体的互相吸引与心灵的相投。我们从媒体中接触到的人和 事，使我们的感情历程大大加速，要想慢慢地体会自己的感受，确实需要付出努力。
10 学校里的青少年在全然没有感情的关系中所背负的感情包袱，令我深感难过。
也许有些人会把他们目前的感情状况归结为同龄人之间所施加的压力。但是，可曾有任何人停下来想一想同龄人之间的压力来自何处？我们是否尝试着弄清楚是谁造成了这样的转变？可曾有人费神去研究青少年的心理呢？
11从这一代人处理个人生活的方式上，我们很容易看出他们的思想倾向。跟从
前相比，现在有更多的情感在欲望的压力下扭曲。他们更注重外表的美丽而忽视内在的魅力。两性交往随便了，亲密无间却少了；激情多了，感情却少了；个人获得的多了，相互间分享的少了；寻机获利的现象多了，无私的奉献少了。简而言之，“自我”多了，爱的分享少了。
12 在这个竞争激烈的年代，我们已经变得麻木不仁，将恋爱的实质抛于脑后。
作为恋爱中的人，不只是意味着把红色的玫瑰花和五毛钱一张的卡片送给恋人，我们要做的事情还很多。我们将自己的时间、陪伴、支持和友谊作为礼物送给自己的恋人了吗？我们是否确定了生活中最重要的事情，而后真诚地做好每一件事？我们是否先在情感上成熟起来，再尽情地追求爱情？我们是否给自己、给他人足够的时间和空间以巩固恋情的发展？我们是否为了追求有意义的、永恒的友谊而不遗余力？我们是否履行了自己的承诺？我们是否将自己的精力和感情倾注于终生不渝的关系而不是浪费在朝秦暮楚的关系中？
13 人的生命只有一次，我们必须去体验能使我们更为坚强的每件事。真正的爱
情一生只有一次。我们任由轻佻的行为令自己身心疲惫，当真正的爱情到来时，我们却没有能力伸开双臂迎接它的降临。
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
Unit2 textB
牵 手
1丈夫保罗的手舒服有力：暖暖的，从来不会发凉潮湿，轻轻的一握总是令我感到安心踏实。在他生命最后的那些日子里，每次他摸到我的手，都会把我的一只手放在他的两手之间握着。
2也就是在那段时间里，我坐在他的床边，竭力记住他双手的样子。他的手比我
的手要长一倍，宽一半；手指上下一般粗，方方长长的，毛细血管一直延伸到指尖。方正的指甲使得指尖也呈正方形，指甲一圈白色的边清晰可见。他总是悉心地让双手洁净无暇。它们既不粗糙，也不柔软多肉。那是双持粉笔和红墨水钢笔的大学教授的手。
3 不知道他的学生是否觉得他的字难以辨认。我们分开的那年我渐渐熟悉了他的
字体。我俩订婚后曾分隔两地，因为他要到距离宾夕法尼亚州（我们的家）800英里的布拉德利大学攻读硕士学位。
4 不知我是否记得告诉过他我觉得他那双大手很美。不知我是否告诉过他，结婚
前他定期到我家做客吃饭时，他使用银制餐具和咖啡杯的斯文样子，令我母亲十分欣赏，银具和杯盏在他手里几乎都没了踪影。也不知我是否告诉过他，在看电影时，在教堂悲伤时，在那张最后四年病魔困得他脱不了身的病榻上，他紧紧的一握令我至真至切地感受到了他的爱。
5 他对孩子们的关爱之情也源于他的那双手。大女儿的第一个澡就是他给洗的，
这让他倍感骄傲。7磅14盎司的女儿舒舒服服地躺在他那双大手里，长长的手指灵巧细致地给大女儿和后来的5个孩子洗浴。
6 在我们早期艰难的日子里，那双手给三个正在长大的儿子理发，给三个浴后的
女儿擦干头发。
7 多少次要去宾夕法尼亚探望孩子的祖父母，在旅行大巴车顶上他那双手把一个
个旅行箱往货架上放，他汗流浃背，但毫无怨言。在他早年曾就读过的大学里，他教授市场营销专业的学生，用这双手在空中比划出一个个营销模式。
8 在他病得最令人胆颤心惊的时候，那双手紧紧地攥着我的手。在他经受7个月
的化疗及其副作用的痛苦折磨期间，他向我伸出双手。在他生命的最后几个星期里，他向我伸出双手。孩子们来探视他，看出他们75岁的父亲命不久矣而提前祷告哀悼时，他还是向我伸出双手。
9在那最为黑暗的时刻，他攥着我的手，在我耳边小声说道：“不知道······会
是怎样死去。不知道会不会疼痛。”我当时唯一能告诉他的就是我深信他此生将有个圆满的结局：他会被簇拥着抬起，在上帝的荣光中感到无比欢愉。
10最后，他再也没有力气握住我的手了。清晨，我给保罗喂早餐，他再也不能
下咽了。我在紧张焦虑中修剪、打磨他的指甲，把指甲白色的边缘弄干净。我把他的手放到他的胸前（他的手放在那儿一动不动已经好几天了），它们没有动静，没有认可，没有反应。一个小时的时间里，护士用听诊器做了检查，剩下我唯一能做的事就是合上他那双明亮的绿色眼睛，在我们卧室恬静的一隅里最后一次把我的手放在他的手上。
11几个月后的一个周日，我打开保罗衣橱最上面的一个抽屉，取他折叠整齐的干
净的手帕（我现在喜欢用那些手帕）时，我触摸到了一个开了封的指甲砂锉袋。 127个半月里，对丈夫逝去的悲伤如同冰凌雪块封存在心 中，不曾融化。可在
二月的最后一个周日，目睹面前的指甲锉具，我无法克制自己了。我闭上眼睛，怎么也回忆不起保罗的双手握着我的手时的感觉，泪水夺眶而出。
13 那之后没过多少日子，斯蒂芬来看我，他是我们的最小的儿子，长得也最像
他的父亲。临走的时候，斯蒂芬吻了吻我，和我道别；然后，把我的手一把攥在他那双又大又宽的手中。好一阵子，我说不出话来，仿佛他父亲那双长长的、雅致的手再次握住了我的手，令我依然感到安心平静。
Unit3 TextA
|追求以公众利益为宗旨的幸福|
1在过去的50年里，我们西方国家的经济获得了史无前例的增长。我们的家园、车辆、假期、工作、教育，尤其是健康，均得以改善。依据标准经济理论，这些改善原本应该使我们更加幸福，然而，调查显示并非如此。英国人和美国人接受幸福程度的调查时说，在过去的50年里，他们的幸福程度并没有得到改善。抑郁症患者人数上升，同时犯罪率大幅增长也说明了人们对生活的不满足。
2上述事实对我们个人以及社会优先考虑的诸多事情都提出了挑战。事实上，
我们现在的处境是人类从未经历过的。当大多数人还在为温饱发愁时，物质条件的改善的确能令他们幸福一些。富庶国家（比如，人均年收入在两万美元以 上）的人民比贫穷国家的人民幸福一些；而贫穷国家的人 民，如果稍微富裕，也会幸福得多。然而，物质上的匮乏一旦消除，收入的增加便不如亲情、友情、邻里和睦等人际关系那么重要。但是，我们在追求更高的收入时牺牲了太多这样的关系，这很危险。 3 渴望幸福是人类本性的核心。人人都渴望这样一个社 会：人们尽可能地幸
福，每个人的幸福同等重要。这应当是我们这个时代的人生哲学，应当用来指导公共利益的维护准则和每个人的行为，应当逐渐取代无法使我们更加幸福的极端的个人主义。
4 金钱的确是影响个人幸福的关键因素之一。但是，金钱本身能使我们最终获
得幸福吗？在任何一个社会，富人往往比穷人幸福。然而，当一个西方国家越来越富有的时候，其人民的幸福程度在总体上并未得到改善。随着时间的推移，我们的标准和期望随着收入的增加而上升。盖洛普民意测验每年都向美国人提问：“一个四口之家至少需要多少钱才能在这个国家生活下去？”人们说出的数字上升的幅度与平均收入增加的幅度是一样的。因为人们总是拿自己的收入和他人的收入以及他们惯于拥有的收入相比较，只有当他们认为和平均水准相比有所上升时才感到幸福。 5 这一过程反而达不到预期的目的。我努力工作、赚更多钱的动力是：这会使
我更幸福一些。其他的社会成员也同样如此，他们也关注自己相对的生活标准。既然社会整体无法以自己为参照物而提高自己的地位，那么社会成员为使自己更加幸
福所付出的努力可以说是一种浪费 —— 当休闲与工作的天平偏向工作时，工作是“没有效率”的。</Para>
6为了进一步证实这一论点，我从社会地位方面加以说 明。人的地位可能来
源于所挣得的收入或所花费的金钱。人们工作，至少部分原因是为了提高自己的地位。然而，地位是一种等级体系：第一，第二，第三，等等，所以当一个人的地位提高了，其他人的地位就同等程度地下降。这是一种得失平衡的游戏：从整个社会看，为了提高地位而牺牲个人的生活，是一种浪费。因此，永无止境的竞争极具破坏性：我们在追求一种总体不变的东西时失去了家庭生活和平和的心境。
7 在某种意义上，人们最渴望的是尊重。他们追求经济地位因为它可以赢来尊
重。但是，我们可以重视也可以轻视经济地位。在一个竞争日益激烈的社会，如果我们不放宽尊重的标准，社会上能力偏低的人会感到生活更加艰辛。我们应该尊重那些同他人一起合作而自己没有获益的人，那些在各个阶层上施展才能、努力工作的人。因此，让每个人都能学会一种本领尤为重要。在英国，这意味着只要年轻人愿意，一定要确保他们每个人都学会手艺，使那些学业不成功的人也能在职业生涯中感到自豪，不会在长大成人时觉得自己是失败者。
8人与人之间难免产生比较，因为等级体系的存在是必要的，不可避免的。有
些人得到晋升，而另一些人却没有。此外，职位得以晋升的人薪水也要提高，因为他们有才华，雇主也乐意招贤纳士。所以，在人们挑选工作和选择雇主的关键时刻，薪水作为一个重要因素影响着他们的决定。存在的问题是，大部分的职业没有客观的标准来衡量个人的业绩，所以事实上只能拿一个人同自己的同事作比较才能得到评 估。然而，这种等级评定的方法非常主观，从根本上改变了雇员与顾主、雇员与同事之间的合作关系。
9 如果我们渴望一个更加幸福的社会，我们就应该着重强调人们所珍视的经历
——首要的是亲情关系、工作关系和邻里关系，人们珍视这些经历并非因为别人拥有它们，而是因为这些经历拥有内在的价值。我们当前享受的充分的舒适和安逸，看来有可能使我们的生活幸福一些，可是人与人之间关系的恶化又有可能降低了我们的幸福程度。</Para>
10 我们生活在一个空前的个人主义的时代。许多人都感到最重要的责任是充分
发挥自己的才干，挖掘自己的潜力。这是一个可怕的、孤单的目标。当然，他们也感受到自己应该对他人承担的责任，但是在西方国家，这些责任缺乏一套清晰的理念。无论是古老的、虔诚的世界观，还是战后社会的团结精神和国家的凝聚意识，皆荡然无存。我们全然丧失了公共利益或集体意义的概念。
11 我们要想幸福一些，必须在改变外在环境的同时改变我们内在的态度。我说
的是一种永恒的人生哲学，它能使我们在自身找到积极的力量同时也能发现他人身上蕴涵的积极因素。这种对他人和自己怀有的同情心，是可以学会的，学校应该将这种同情心教给学生。每个城市都应该有这样的政 策：在年轻人中间推广更健康的人生哲学，帮助他们区别肤浅的快乐和真正的幸福。
12 因此，我希望在这个新的世纪我们最终能够把人类的最大幸福当作我们的公
益观。这可能有两个结果。这种人生观可以明确地指导政策的制定，但是更重要的是，在日常的生活中，它会激励我们因为别人幸福而感到更大的快乐，同时帮助他人获得更大的幸福。只有这样，我们才不会以自我为中心，才会更加幸福。
Unit3 TextB
|物质财富与幸福生活
1 物质财富未必会带给你幸福。这是一个无可争辩的生活现实，但有时这一事
实却难以理解，尤其在这个竭力向你灌输相反观念的社会里。
2 通常，你会陷入这样一种思维模式：“要是我拥有了X，我的生活就会完美
无缺，幸福无比了。”你非常想要的东西可能是一台新电视机、一辆新车或者是一双特别的鞋子等 等。尔后，你就购买了，几天都在因为得到了它而喜滋滋 的。可是，过了段时间，你感到厌烦了，或者东西给用旧 了。你会发觉这样一个模式在你自己的生活中不断地重复。比如在你小时候，你父母或祖父母可能花费了成千上万美元给你买玩具：自卸货车、芭比娃娃、电视游戏、电动汽车，等等等等。所有的那些玩具最终都会遭你厌倦、被你玩坏或因你长大而被搁置一边。它们带来了一阵子或者一星期的快乐，可时间一长，它们变得一文不值，你的兴趣转向了某个新玩意儿。
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
3 这样一种模式自然让人们提出以下的问题：“假如物质的东西带来的幸福只
是昙花一现，那么这一切又意味着什么 呢？”或许这就意味着，你得以一天一件的速度购置物品，才能维持住你因得到新东西而感受到的那种短暂的快感。循着这个思路，你可以接着考虑下面的这些问题： ●什么是幸福？ ●感到幸福意味着什么？ ●我这一生想做些什么？
4物质上的幸福和精神上的幸福是不同的。物质上的幸福基于生活所需一切必
需品和奢侈品；精神上的幸福则基于生活必需品和奢侈品之外一切东西。我的一个朋友持有这样一个哲学观：
5你无论赚多少钱，你都想要更多的钱。假如你一年挣 25,000美元，你会认为
要是挣到50,000美元，你就会感到幸福了。于是，你就开始挣50,000美元。等挣够了那个数目，你又会想，假如挣到100,000美元你就会感到幸福了，就这样周而复始，终其一生。无论你一年挣25,000美元还是 10,000,000美元，情况都是一样。因为你赚得越多，你的品味就越昂贵。依我看，不妨学会一年挣得25,000美元就感到满足，想出一个轻轻松松把它们赚到手的办法，然后用余下的时间去做你想做的事情。 6根据这个哲学观，要想令你的生活富有意义，你可以寻找除物质幸福以外的
东西。
7 衡量“财富”这东西，办法不止一种。传统上它是用金钱来衡量，但是还有
很多其他的度量标准。在与金钱没有丝毫关系的方面，你照样可以“腰缠万贯”。例如： ●富有众多的朋友。一个与人为友、乐观待人的人可以拥有数以百计的好友，可以超乎其他人想象得富裕。 ●富有健康的体魄。一个愿意花时间合理进食、锻炼身体、消除压力的人可以身强体健。健康的体魄比起任何数目的金钱都要有价值得多。 ●富有充沛的精力。一个每天举哑铃、跑步、游泳的人能够精力充沛，身材迷人。 ●富有和睦的家庭。一个愿意把时间给配偶和孩子的人可以拥有一个稳定幸福的家庭，令他获益终身。 ●富有知识。一个爱好阅读和钻研的人可以学富五车。 ●富有技能。一个每天勤学苦练（某种技能、运动项目等 等）的人会在所操练的领域出类拔萃。出类拔萃，自有回 报。 ●富有人格魅力。一个在一切场合殚精竭虑地做到真实、坦诚的人会富有人格的魅力，受到众人的信任。
8有趣的是，上述源自不同领域的这些财富都用不着上 税。可你挣了钱是要缴
纳所得税的，就是这么回事。没有什么（比如说）知识税。你可以分文不花地终身学习，获得丰厚才识的储备。没有人可以将其盗走、令其减少。知识很有可能就是那件你能够带入天堂的东西。
9虽然所有这些可选择的财富都有别于金钱，但都能够以各自独特的方式令人
受惠。撇开电视给你提供信息不说，单就购买东西这一行为本身是不会给你带来人生最大的幸福。好朋友，爱你的配偶，健康成长的孩子，充满爱的家，无愧的良心，值得奋斗的目标，你真心喜爱的工作，所有这些给你带来的满足感天长地久，意味深长。头脑简单的青少年通常是不能领悟到的，但这些东西随着年轻人逐渐成熟会变得愈加重要。
10当你环顾周围的世界，明白什么对你才是至关重要的时候，你要将其铭记在
心。考虑清楚你究竟心仪什么，什么才会给你真正幸福。审视一下你的发现。一番清楚的思考之 后，你会吃惊于自己的发现：金钱固然极其重要，因你需要它活命；但金钱不是你唯一需要的东西。对于多数人来说，金钱本身不会带来恒久的幸福。人不是只靠面包生活的。
Unit4 TextA
如何变老
1 尽管文章的标题是“如何变老”，真正要谈的却是如何不老。在我这个年纪，
讨论“如何不老”，着实更为重要。首要的一条忠告是，要慎重地选择祖先。虽然我的父母皆属早 逝，但是考虑到我其他的祖先，我的选择尚好。我的外祖父在六十七岁风华正茂时早逝，这是事实，可我的外祖母，还有我的祖父、祖母，都活到了
八十多岁。在那些与我血缘关系稍疏些的祖先中，我只发现有一位不长寿的，他死于一种当前罕见的病：被砍了头。我的一位曾祖母是吉本的朋友，活到九十二岁，其精神状态之好自始至终都让子孙们敬畏，一直到她撒手人寰的那天。我的外祖母，生养了十个孩子， 其中一个夭折，另外九个健康成长。此外，她还有过多次小产。她守寡之后，即刻投身于妇女的高等教育事业。她是格顿学院的创始人之一，为促使医疗事业向妇女敞开大门而不遗余力。她过去常讲这样的一个故事：她在意大利遇见一个满面哀伤的老绅士，便询问他为何如此忧伤，老绅士说刚刚和自己两个孙子道别。“天哪！”她叫道，“我有七十二个孙子孙女，如果和其中的一个分别一次就伤心一次，那我的生活岂不太凄惨了！”“非同寻常的母亲啊！”老绅士回答道。 但是，作为七十二子孙中的一员，我更喜欢她的这一处世秘诀。外祖母八十高龄后感到入睡有些困难，她便常常在半夜到凌晨三点这段时间阅读科普书籍。我想，她无暇顾及自己是否老了。我认为这就是保持年轻的秘诀。如果你拥有广泛的、自己钟爱的兴趣和活动，又能从中体会自己老当益壮，你就没有理由从那些只有在统计学中才有意义的数字上考虑生命已经度过多少春秋，更没有理由担忧自己的未来也许很短暂。</Para>
2说到健康，我很少生病，因此无法提供有用的建议。我随心所欲地吃喝，不
能清醒时就睡觉。我做任何事情都不是因为这些事情对健康有利。不过，我喜欢做的事情实际上大多都有益于健康。
3 就心理而言，老年人应慎防两种危险。其一就是过度地沉湎于过去。人不能
活在记忆中，不能生活在因美好往昔的逝去而怅然若失中，也不能生活在缅怀已故朋友的哀痛中。人的心思必须放在未来上，想想可以有所作为的事情。这并非一件轻而易举的事：一个人经历的往事，渐渐变成一个沉重的包袱。人们很容易以为过去的情感比现在强烈，过去的头脑也比现在敏锐。倘若真的如此，我们就要忘却这个事 实；如果忘却了这个事实，事实也许就不再是事实了。
4 另一种要提防的危险是：依恋年轻人，希望从他们的勃勃生机中汲取活力。
当你的孩子已长大成人，他们就想过自己的生活；如果你仍像他们小时候那样关注他们，你很可能就成了他们的包袱。动物在下一代能够自食其力时就不再给予关注；人类因幼年时期较长而很难做到这一点。
5 孩子已长大成人，叮嘱他们不犯错误已经没有意义，因为他们不再相信你的
话，再说错误是教育不可或缺的一部 分。但是，如果你的兴趣无法摆脱个人感情的支配，你也许会发现，假如不关注子孙，生活就会空虚无望。在这种情况下，你必须意识到，虽然你仍可以给他们提供物质上的帮 助，比如给他们一笔零花钱或为他们编织毛线外套，但是你绝不能期望他们会乐意和你呆在一起。
6 有些老人因害怕死亡而烦恼。年轻人有这种感受是可以理解的。年轻人害怕
在战场上牺牲，这情有可原。他们认 为，死亡会剥夺生活赋予的最美好的东西，这让他们深感痛苦。但是，饱尝人世酸甜苦辣的老者已挖掘自己的潜力、实现了自己的抱负，倘若再对死亡产生恐惧之心，未免有些可耻。 克服恐惧之心的最好的办法是 —— 至少我这样看 —— 开拓更广泛的、不局限于个人感情的兴趣，让包围自我的墙壁渐渐地消失，你的生活就渐渐融入人类的生活中。一个人的存在应该像一条河——初始为涓涓细流，裹在狭窄的岸 间，在岩石的缝隙中、在呼啸的瀑布上奔泻。河床渐渐变 宽，河岸逐渐隐退，水流平缓，河水没有明显的停滞，最终融入海洋的怀抱，毫无痛苦地结束了独立个体的存在。上了年纪的人，倘若能以这种态度看待人生，就不会因为害怕死亡而不安，因为他所喜爱的一切将继续存在。而且，当生命力衰竭之时，疲惫感油然而生，长眠的念头并非令人厌恶。我希望在尚能劳作之时告别人世，知道他人会将我未竟的事业继续下去，同时回想这一生有可能做的事情，都尽力而为了，由此可以满意地安息了。
Unit4 TextB
低语艾滋
1差不多三个多月前，在盐湖城召开的政党纲领听证会 上，我曾向共和党提
出了请求，请求打破长期对艾滋病病毒和艾滋病问题保持的沉默。今晚，我来到这儿，要给这样的沉默作个了断。
2我带来的是挑战的信息，而不是自鸣得意的信息。我需要的是大家的关注，
而不需要大家的掌声。我从来也没有主动要求做一个艾滋病病毒的携带者。但是我相信，凡事都有好的一面。于是，我就站在众人的面前，站在国人的面前，心甘情愿。
3艾滋病存在的现实残酷地摆在世人的面前。有20万美国人有的已经命丧黄泉，
有的命悬一线；还有100万人已经染上了艾滋病。在世界范围内，在未来的几年里，将会出现4千万、6千万、乃至1万万个艾滋病感染的病例。
4 在这个选举年里，无论您此刻是在这宽敞的会议厅，还是在安静的家里，我
都要请您明白：艾滋病病毒不是政治产物。它并不介意您是民主党人还是共和党人；它并不过问您是黑人还是白人，是男人还是女人，是同性恋还是异性恋，是青年人还是老年人。
5今晚，我代表的是一个罹患艾滋病的社群。这个社群的成员来自美国社会的
各个阶层，但都不是自愿加入的。尽管我是个白人，是个母亲，但我和一个正在费城医院和试管搏斗的黑皮肤的婴儿命运相连。尽管我是个女性，结婚时染上了艾滋病，同时也享受着家人温馨的支持，但我和一个孤独的同性恋男人命运相连；他正在家人厌弃的寒风下呵护着摇曳的生命烛火。
6艾滋病的威胁并非遥不可及，相反，它的危险近在咫 尺。妇孺的染疾率正以
最快的速度上升。艾滋病十年前还鲜为人知，可如今已是夺取美国年轻人生命的第三大元凶——不过，它屈居第三的位置也将不会为时多久。因为有别于其他疾病的是，艾滋病四处游荡。青少年不会因为自认为相爱而相互传染癌症或者心脏病。可艾滋病病毒却是另外一回事儿。无知、偏见和缄默使得我们助纣为虐，相互残杀。 7我们或许会固守成见，但成见不能长久保护我们。因为艾滋病病毒发起进攻
时只会问：你们是人吗？问得好！你们是人吗？因为艾滋病病毒的携带者并非变成了某种怪异的生物体，他们是人。他们并没有犯下遭此残酷待遇的罪行，不应该受
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
到刻薄的对待。他们在被孤立、被遗弃当中没有获 益。他们每个人都是一名个体，他们不是祸害，不应该受到审判；他们不是受害者，不渴望大家的怜悯。他们是需要支持、值得同情的人。
8 我向国人发出的是“觉悟起来”的诉求。如果你们相信自己是安全的，那你们
已身处危境了。当初不是因为我不是血友病患而没有危险，不是因我不是同性恋而没有危险，不是因我不吸毒而没有危险。
9 今晚，艾滋病病毒在一百多万美国家庭里正稳步地向艾滋病迈进，沿途丢弃
的尽是年轻的尸骨——年轻的男人、年轻的女人，年轻的父母和年幼的孩童。在这些众多的家庭中就有我的家庭。如果艾滋病病毒果真不可避免地令我患上艾滋病，那么我的孩子将不可避免地成为孤儿。
10 我的家人一直给予我磐石般的支持。我84岁的父亲一直致力于上帝“医治万
民”的事业，他不愿意接受自己无力医治女儿创伤的假定。我母亲拒绝放弃希望，午夜时分，她仍打来电话讲些令我捧腹的精彩笑话。姐妹、朋友、我的兄弟菲利普（今天是他的生日），他们都帮助我穿越了最艰难的地带。拥有这样一个家庭，我是幸福的，深深的、无比的幸 福。
11 但是，你们大家并非都如我这般幸福。你们是艾滋病病毒的携带者，但却没
有勇气说出来；你们失去了心爱的人，但却没有勇气轻声说出“艾滋病”这个词。你们悄悄啜泣，独自悲伤。
12 我要告诉你们的是：应该感到羞愧的不是你们，而是我们大家！是我们容忍
无知、抱有偏见！是我们教会你们害 怕！我们必须打破沉默，让你们在争取同情时感到心安理 得。我们有义务给孩子们寻求安全，但不是通过默默的排斥而应是积极的行动。
13 对那些哀伤着恐惧着罹患了艾滋病的数以百万计的人 们，我想说：鼓起勇气，
才能获得支援！
14 对数以百万计的健康人，我恳求你们放下偏见和政见，施以怜悯，制定明智
的政策。
15 我要向所有的人高声疾呼：和我一起汲取历史教训吧，和我一起学习宽容吧。
这样，我的孩子在我离去时才会有胆量说出“艾滋病”这个字眼儿，孩子的孩子以
及你们的孩子也许就再也不必窃窃私语说出“艾滋病”这个字眼儿了。
Unit5 TextA
网络教育
1在最近的一次出差途中，有人问及我的职业，我说自己是从事编写和教授大
学课程的。
2“哦？那在哪儿教书？”他问道。
3我不假思索，老老实实地答道：“虚无空间里”。
4我说的是实情。1990年起，我就在被朋友称作“键盘大 学”里教远程学位教
育课程并提供辅导。我的课堂是在充满电荷的空间里，其间一端连着我的电话插座，另一端连着一群年龄偏大的大学生家里的电脑。
5 1990年，我筹建了美国第一个远程学习者在线辅导中 心。迄今为止，我已
在线辅导了7000多个学生，其中只有几个人不及格，而我本人却从未与他们谋面。 6 由于无法更清楚地解释我的工作环境，我只能告诉这位问话者：我在虚拟空间
教书，“是个虚拟大学的教师。”我试着向他解释“远程教育······在线学位课程······虚拟大学”等 等。
7 那人的脸上仍旧一片茫然。我不清楚他沉默不语到底是因肃然起敬所致，还是
纯粹对此稀里糊涂。我猜想两个原因都有。于是，我就开始解释这些天来经常解释的事情：我认为，美国的大学教育在衰退，而美国的教育新思维正在兴 起。 8 远程教学（即师生不用谋面的教育课程）并不是件新生事物。英国巴斯大学的
艾塞克·彼特曼爵士曾突发奇想，让乡村居民把圣经转换成速记文字，然后邮寄给他评阅，以这种办法教会他们文秘技能。1840年他就开始实施，从中赚取了大笔的
金钱。
9 我并不教速记，我教心理学和职业拓展。但还是和艾塞克爵士一样，很多课程
是自己编写的。我的岗位是在万维 网，我把作业张贴在电子布告栏上，把批阅过的试卷用电子邮件通过国际电话线发送出去，而且免交关税；必要时，把班级学生召集起来，在网上聊天室里在线讲课。
10 难道这种方式能够摒弃现实中的大学教育吗？学生难道不用整齐地坐在教室
里聆听老师——讲坛上的圣人——讲课就能学到知识吗？
11 绝对可以，毫无疑问。事实上，很多人都认为没有校园的大学难以想象，可
我现在却以为不在网络空间这块充满自由氛围的地方教书才是匪夷所思呢。
12 在网络空间里，我倾听、阅读、评价、思考学生们表述的观点——一次一个，
轮流发言。他们必须书面把见解传输给我，他们不能坐在后排座位上，无所事事地打发时光。他们必须思考，最令他们头疼的是，他们必须写作。思考与写作，那不就是传统教育培养出来的人才所具备的特质吗？
13 我不是凭借他们的脸庞或是他们在宽敞教室里所坐位置来认识我的学生，而
是通过他们每周作业里的文字和观点了解他们。这些文字与观点大家都能在线读到。</Para>
14 我不是讲坛上的圣人——我更像是他们身边的向导。通常，学生们之间“说”
的或写的东西、把自己工作和职业体会融入论文和辩论的方式，比起我能够提供的任何东西都更加实用，更有启迪性。
15我学生的年龄一般是四十岁，还有不少五六十岁。他们通过网络来上学。因
为他们不能或者不愿意辞去工作、离开儿女或孙辈们搬进大学校园——那样的大学无非就是一个依照中世纪修道院模式建立起来的教育实体。
16他们大多数了解自己所谈论的东西，不仅如此，他们清楚自己为何返回大学
学习。网络教育适合他们，因为网络教育尊重学员界定知识和追求知识的能力，鼓励他们抒发自己的观点和见解，没有教师干扰，因为教师可能会情不自禁地介入他们的争论，把原本很有启发性的课堂讨论“平息”或者“引到别的话题上去”。 17 学生们体验到的东西完全不同于依照传统工厂模式运作的美国教育。在传统
教育中，生产线上的每个人接收到相同标准单位的信息（讲座和教材），然后必须
通过同一质量检查（客观考试）。学生们坐在整齐排列的座位上，举手请求允许后才发言，不断地看着钟表学课本、听讲座，课本和讲座被分解成不相关联的知识玩意儿。没有证据显示，这样的工厂模式是有效的学习途径，而只能证明这是一种很便利的方式：大学在成绩报告单上记录下标准份量的知识已如期地传授。
18 或许，在虚拟环境下教大学文科课程对我来说特别有意义，因为它可以追溯
到我当年所了解到的真正的大学文科教育。在希腊雅典研读哲学时，老师教导我，要学到东西就得扔掉课本和笔记本这些不过是记忆工具的东西，要依赖我们与生俱来的本领进行批判性思考。</Para>
19 我的网络学生的确是有教材，但那都是学习的辅助材 料，不是他们汲取知
识的唯一源泉。他们还将从网上辩论、会议和论文写作的合作中学到知识。学生们要为发言认真思考；他们每周来上课时，充分准备好辩论，通过键盘上的交流获取真知。
20 说也奇怪，虚拟大学兴许正是柏拉图这样的古典哲学家喜欢授课的地方——
假如他那个时期有因特网的话。你问我本人的意见？我也认为教育应该比较少地在校园里开展，而更多地应该在参与者的脑子里进行。
Unit5 TextB
二十一世纪教育的四个支柱
1 面对未来的种种挑战，教育看来是使人类朝着和平、自由和社会正义迈进的一
笔不可或缺的财富。
2 在二十一世纪，教育的作用必须立足于人类对更美好世界的向往。为此，我们
必须正视二十一世纪面临的一些问 题，并予以解决。这些问题是： ●全球与局域
之间的紧张关系：各国人民在不失其根本的同时，需逐渐成为世界公民。 ●传统和现代之间的紧张关系，这和“如何适应变革又不漠视过去”属于同一个问题。 ●长远考虑和短期考虑之间的紧张关系。舆论总是迫切需要迅速得到问题的答案和现成的解决办法，而许多问题却需要从长计议，耐心协调，策略变通方能解决。教育政策正属于这种情况。 ●人类一方面需要竞争，另一方面也关注机会的均等，这两者之间也存在着紧张关系。这促使我们把三个因素协调起 来：具有激励作用的竞争力、产生活力的合作精神以及具有凝聚力的团结精神。 ●精神和物质之间的紧张关系。在不违背每个人的传统和信仰的基础上，激励他们升华自己的思想和精神境界，这是教育的崇高使命。
3 站在这个立场上，我们建议，人类需要更加重视作为教育基础的四个支柱之一：
学会共同生活。教育的使命之一是让学生认识人类的多样性，同时还要让他们意识到所有人之间的相似性和相互依存性。从幼儿开始，学校就应该抓住各种机会进行这一双重教育。有些学科适合进行这种教育，例如，在基础教育阶段开设人文地理，晚些时候开设外语和外国文学。为了学会共同生活，我们可以多了解他人、了解他人的历史、传统和精神价值，在此基础上创造一种新的精 神，这种精神会激励人们参与共同的项目或者用明智、和平的方式化解不可避免的冲突。
4 同时，我们也不应该忽视教育的另外三个支柱，它们可以说是学会共同生活
的基本要素。第一是学会认知。随着科学进步所带来的迅速变革，人类必须重视以下两个方面的结合：一是相当广泛的普通教育；二是就少量精选的学科进行深入研究的可能性。
5因此，学会认知就意味着学会如何学习。由于知识涉及到方方面面，试图想
什么都知道，这愈来愈做不到。事实 上，在基础教育阶段之后，想成为多门学科的专家就成了不切实际的幻想。今天，一个真正受到良好教育的人需要接受广泛的通识教育，同时有机会深入地研究少量的学科。通识教育使学生有机会学习其他语言、熟悉其他学科，首先而且尤为重要的是，通识教育提供了与他人交流的手段。这种通识教育可以说是接受终身教育的通行证，因为它使人对终身学习产生了兴趣并为其奠定了基础。
6另外一个支柱是学会做事。这和职业培训密不可分：我们如何使教育和未来
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
相适应、使人们有能力做好未来所需要的工作？这里我们应该将以雇佣劳动为主的工业化经济同以个体经营或临时工为主的其他类型的经济区别开来。工业化经济的未来取决于它们能否把知识的进步转化为革新，从而开创新企业、创造新的就业机会。除了学习从事一种职业 外，学会做事也指获得一种能力，这种能力使一个人能够应付各种各样的情况，而且能够参与集体劳动。如果在校的中小学生和大学生都有机会参加一些以获取工作经验为目标的培训活动或社会福利工作，以此来实践和锻炼自己的能力，以上所说的能力和技能在许多情况下是比较容易获得的
7 最后但同样重要的是第四个支柱：学会生存。在二十一世纪，人人都需要发
挥更强的自主能力和判断能力；每个人都要对共同目标的实现怀有更强烈的责任感。教育应当促进每个人的全面发展，即身心、智力、敏锐性、审美情趣以及精神的升华等方面的发展。每个人在青少年时代接受的教育应该使他们形成一种独立自主的、富有批判精神的思维方式和判断力。只有这样，他们才能够在人生不同的情况下自己确定最应该做的事情。蕴藏在每个人身上的像宝藏一样的才能都必须发挥出来，例如记忆力、推理能力、想象力、体 能、审美意识、与他人交流的能力以及领导者天生的领袖魅力。这再次证明一个人需要对自己有更深入的了解。
8 我们要在二十一世纪建立以获取、更新和利用知识为基础的教育社会。由于
“信息社会”不断发展，人们接触数据和事实的机会大增，教育应该使每个人都能收集种种信息，并能筛选、整理、管理和使用这些信息。
9 面对这种对教育越来越多、越来越高的要求，怎样才能使教育政策实现既提
高教育质量又体现教育公正这两个目标呢？这是我们应该解决的问题，其中涉及课程设置、教学方法和内容、以及提高教学效果应必备的条件。
10 教育的这四个支柱不能只涉及一个人一生中的某个阶段或单纯某个方面。我
们有必要重新思考：人的一生什么时候应该获得教育？所受的教育应该覆盖哪些领域？教育的各个阶段和领域应该相互补充，相互关联，从而使每个人在一生中都能够充分利用自己拥有的独特的教育环境。
Unit6 TextA
文化冲击
1 我们不妨把文化冲击称为突然置身国外的人们所得的职业病。和大部分疾病
一样，这种病有其独特的起因、症状和疗法。
2文化冲击是因为我们失去熟悉的社会交往标记和符号而产生的焦虑所促成。
这些标志或暗示包括我们应付日常生活各种情境时使用的诸多方式方法：与人会面时何时握手、该说些什么；在什么时间、以什么方式付小费；如何吩咐佣 人；怎样购物；何时该接受、何时该拒绝他人的邀请；别人说的话，何时该当真，何时不该当真。这些暗示可以是语 言、手势、面部表情、风俗习惯或社会行为标准。我们在成长的过程中获得了这些暗示，就像我们的语言和我们所接受的信仰一样，它们已经成为我们文化的一部分。我们所有的人都依赖成百上千个这样的暗示才能拥有宁静的心境，过上高效率的生活。
3当你走进一种陌生的文化，你所熟悉的所有或大部分文化暗示也就随之消失。
此时的你宛如一条离开水的鱼。无论你的心胸多么开阔，你赖以生存的支柱此时都已倒塌，挫折感和焦虑感油然而生。人们对此种挫折的反应非常相似：他们首先排斥令他们不适的环境：“我们所到之国的生活方式很不好，让我们感觉很糟糕。”当美国人或其他的外国人来到一个陌生的国度，聚在一起抱怨所到之国及其人民时 —— 可以肯定，他们正深受文化冲击之苦。文化冲击的另外一个阶段是回归。故乡的一草一木突然变得极为重要。一个美国人会不合理地美化美国的一切事物。在自己国家所经历的困难和问题都抛在了脑后，只记得故乡美好的事物。通常要回国一趟方可回到现实中。
4 要克服文化冲击的心理，了解文化的性质及其与个人的关系会有所裨益。除
了赖以生存的自然环境，一个人还生活在由人造的有形物体、社会风俗、观念和信仰构成的文化环境中。一个人并非天生就有文化，而是生来就具备学习和使用文化的能力。新生婴儿的身上不存在一种只许他最终说葡萄牙语、英语或法语的东西，也不存在一种只许他用左手而不是右手执叉或只许他用筷子吃饭的东西。这些东西
都是要孩子去学习的。文化也不是由父母负责传递给孩子的。任何一个民族的文化都是历史的产物，经过漫长的、本民族意识不到的过程才得以积累形成。孩子通过文化学会适应周围的物质环境，学会和周围的人打交道。众所周知，青少年在学习和适应的过程中经常遇到困难。但是，文化一旦学会了，就会成为一种生活方式。 5人们往往认为自己的文化是最好的，是生活的唯一方 式。这非常正常，完全
可以理解。我们把这种态度称为“民族优越感”，即一种认为自己的文化、种族和国家构成世界中心的想法。个人往往将自己与所处的群体等同起来，因此任何批评的言论在他们看来都是对个人及其群体不尊敬的：如果你批评我的祖国，你就是在批评我；如果你批评我，你就是在批评我的祖国。抱着这种态度，人们往往把个人的怪癖归结为民族的特点。例如，倘若一个美国人在国外做出怪异的或有悖社会公德的事情，在美国国内的人们会认为这纯属个人行为，但在国外却被视为一种民族特性：他那样做并非因为他是乔·多克斯，而是因为他是个美国人。遭受责难的不是他这个个体，而是他的祖国。因此，我们最好把民族优越感看成是民族群体的一个永恒的特性。即使一个国家的公民批评了自己文化的某些方面，外国人也只应当听着，而不应该参与批评。
6 你一旦意识到面临的问题并非因为异域的敌意而是因为自己对其他民族的
文化背景缺乏理解或者缺乏与对方沟通的方式，你同时就会意识到你本身能够了解他人的文化，并能够掌握那些交流的方式。你越早做到这一点，文化冲击就消失得越快。
7 接下来的问题是，你怎样做才能尽快克服文化冲击？答案是：了解所到之国
的国民。但是，倘若不懂语言，你是无法成功地实现这一目标的，因为语言是用于交流的主要的符号系统。我们现在都知道，学习一门新的语言不容易，对成年人来说，尤为如此。无论教语言的老师多么擅长于减轻你学习语言的难度，单单学语言这项任务都足以让你焦虑不 安、饱受挫折。不过，你一旦能够和女佣、邻居进行友好的交谈，能够单独出门购物，你就会重获信心，充满力量，一个蕴含各种文化意义的新世界就向你敞开了大门。
8 你开始发现人们做些什么、做事情的方式以及令他们感兴趣的事情。人们往
往通过日常的谈话内容和时间、金钱的分配方式来表达自己的兴趣爱好。你一旦了
解了他们的兴趣和价值模式，就很容易和他们交谈，也容易让他们对你产生兴趣。 9 有时候，参加人们举办的各种活动，不管是嘉年华会、宗教仪式还是经济活
动，在活动中仔细观察，和人们一起喜怒哀乐，这都有好处。不过，你永远都不要忘记，你是一个外人，人们也会把你当成一个外人对待。你应当把参与活动看成角色扮演。了解一个民族的生活方式很重要，但这并非意味着你要放弃自己的文化。实际上，你已经具备两种行为方式。
Unit6 TextB
里奇拜见我妈
1一番深思熟虑之后，我想出了一个妙计，设法让里奇与我母亲见面，赢得她
的好感。实际上，我巧加安排，让我妈特意为里奇做一餐饭。这回我得到了素云阿姨的一臂之力，她是我母亲的老朋友了。
2 终于，一天母亲打来电话，邀请我参加为父亲推迟举行的生日晚宴。我的弟
弟文森特要带上女朋友林莉萨，那么我也可以带一个朋友。
3 母亲这样做，不出我的意料。因为烹饪是母亲表达她的爱、她的骄傲、她的
权威和证明她的学识胜过素云阿姨的一种方式。“饭后一定要告诉妈，她做的菜是你吃过的最好 的，比素云阿姨做的好吃多了。”我跟里奇说，“听我的没错儿。” 4 生日宴会的那天晚上，我坐在厨房里看妈妈做菜，等着找机会告诉她我们的
结婚计划，告诉她我们决定明年7月份（也就是7个月后）结婚。她一边把茄子切成小块，一边叨叨着素云阿姨：“她看着食谱才会做菜，而我对做菜的窍门可是了如指掌。闻闻就知道该用什么独家配料！”她飞快地切着薄片，我生怕她的指尖也成了红烧肉末茄子的配料。
5 我希望她能主动提到里奇。我注意到了她开门时的表 情。她挤出一丝笑容，
把里奇从头到脚打量了个遍，心里一边在作比照，看从素云阿姨那听来的看法是否与自己所见相符。我努力设想她会做出什么样的批评。
6 里奇不仅不是华人，还比我小几岁。而且不幸的是，他一头红色的卷发，光滑
苍白的皮肤，鼻子上布满了橙色的雀斑，让他比实际年纪更显年轻。他个头不高，
长得结结实 实。身着深色西装，他看起来不错，但是不会令人难忘，就像是谁家葬礼上某人的侄子那么不起眼。所以头一年在公司里与他共事时我就没注意到他。可母亲却把什么都看在了眼里。
7 “那么你觉得里奇怎样？”我终于问道，屏息而待。
8 她把茄子倒进热油里翻炒，锅里传出一阵愤怒的嘶嘶作响的声音。“脸上那么
多斑点，”她说道。
9 “是雀斑，要知道，有雀斑命好。”我说得有些过于激 动，试图把声音提高，
盖过厨房里的噪音。
10 “哦？”她好像真的不知情似说道。
11 “真的，斑点越多越好，谁都知道这回事儿。”
12 她思忖了一会儿，笑了。用中文说道：“好像是这么回事儿。你小时候长水
痘，长了好多的痘痘，在家呆了10天，你当时那个庆幸！”
13 在厨房里我拯救不了里奇，在饭桌上我也救不了他。
14 他带了瓶法国葡萄酒，他不知道我父母不会欣赏那玩意儿，我父母连酒杯都
没有。后来他还犯了个错，大家都“只是为了尝尝”喝下半英寸酒杯高的酒量，可他不止喝一杯，而是喝了满满两杯。
15 当我给里奇叉子时，他坚持使用滑不唧溜的象牙筷。夹起一大块红烧茄子时，
筷子在他笨拙的手上并不拢。当把茄子夹到他的碟子和大张着的嘴之间时，茄子竟然掉落在他崭新的白色衬衣上。
16 后来，他又自顾自地大吃糖荚豌豆炒河虾，殊不知他得等大家吃过一点才能
够礼貌地吃上一小勺。
17 他谢绝吃新鲜青菜，那豆苗叶又嫩又昂贵，还没结豆子那叶子就给摘了下来。 18 他以为拒绝吃第二口就算是有礼貌了，实际上，他应该跟我爸爸学：架势大，
但吃量少，就这样吃第二口、第三 口、甚至第四口，边吃边要一个劲儿地说还是忍不住再吃上一口之类的话，然后就哼哼着说自己肚子饱得要撑破了。
19 可最为糟糕的是里奇数落了我母亲的做菜手艺，自己却浑然不觉。按照中国
做菜人的习惯，我母亲老是说自己做的菜不好吃。那天晚上，她将矛头直指她那道著名的“梅菜扣肉”，她总是特别骄傲地端上这道菜。
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
20 “哎！不够咸，没味道。”尝了一小口后，她抱怨道。“太难吃了。” 21 在我们家，这是暗示我们大家先吃一点，然后就宣称这是她烧的最美味的一
道菜。可是我们还没来得及这样做，里奇就开腔了：“没错，就差点酱油。”而后，他就把那黑乎乎的咸东西在母亲震惊的目光注视下往那大盘子菜上浇。
22 即使我一直希望在吃饭的整个过程中，母亲会设法看出里奇的善良、幽默和
青年男子特有的魅力，但此刻我知道在母亲眼中他已一败涂地。
23 里奇对晚上发生的事情明显有不同的看法。当晚我们回家时，想起他用力握
我父母的手，就像他和紧张的新客户握手时表现出的潇洒随意，我浑身还在发抖。“琳达，蒂姆，”他当时说道，“我们不久会再来看望你们的，我保证。”我父母的名字分别叫琳朵（音译）和钟田（仿粤语音译）。除了家里来往的几个年长的朋友外，谁也不会直呼他们的名字。
24 “你告诉她了，她怎么说？”我知道他指的是我们结婚的事儿。
25 “没有机会，”我说的是实话。在和母亲独处的所有时间里，她好像都在议论
里奇喜欢喝的葡萄酒是多么的昂贵，他的面色多么地苍白、气色多么地差，我哪里可以跟她说我要结婚。
26 里奇嬉皮笑脸。“就说声 ‘爸、妈，我要结婚了’ 能花上多长的时间？” 27 “你不明白，你不了解我母亲。”
Unit7 TextA
是什么造就了奥运冠军?
1 1992年，在法国阿尔贝维尔冬季奥运会上，当克里斯蒂· 山口在冰场上跌倒
时，观众席上一片遗憾的声音。这位20岁的运动员获得花样滑冰金牌的希望肯定会因这一失足而化为泡影。但是克里斯蒂站了起来，她灿然一笑，旋转身体，继续表演。她虽然不幸跌倒，但裁判却给她打了近乎完美的分数。她能鼓起勇气，重振旗
鼓，获得了金牌，这足以证明她的决心和勇气。
2 作为美国奥运队及许多运动员的顾问，我目睹了许多像克里斯蒂这样年轻的
男女运动员：他们在关键时刻能够挖掘自身，找到发挥潜能的一种力量。他们登上领奖台，不单纯是因为运动才能，还因为他们内在的不屈不挠的意志。
3 他们拥有梦想。|克里斯蒂·山口6岁时首次穿上溜冰鞋，那时她就想象自己是
一名奥运冠军。邦妮·华纳三度代表美国参加奥运会的仰卧滑行小雪橇比赛。她直到上了大学才有自己的梦想。之前，她从未听说过有“仰卧滑行的小雪橇”这种比赛用的雪橇。这两个年轻女子，一旦拥有梦想，就锲而不舍地、勇敢地追求，为了梦想的实现不遗余力。
4 最重要的是，这些运动员的父母以及周围的人都支持他们的梦想。洛雷塔·道
斯16岁的女儿多米尼克是代表美国参加奥运会的第一批黑人女性体操运动员之一。洛雷塔最近告诉记者说，培养一个世界一流的运动员着实不易。在1992年奥运会之前整整一年中，她很少看见自己的女儿。为了离体育馆近一点，女儿和教练住在一块，那儿离家有45分钟的车 程。当有人请她给其他运动员的父母提一些建议的时候，她的回答简单却极具说服力。“相信你的孩子吧，” 她这样说。
5 这并非意味着每个拥有奥运梦想的孩子都能有朝一日登上领奖台。但是，梦想
是通向成功的第一步 —— 哪怕当初的梦想最终让孩子走向另一条不同的道路。 6 他们满怀激情。 优秀运动员们梦寐以求的奥运圣火在他们的内心深处燃烧。
他们有强大的动力，不仅要成为最优秀的运动员，还要竭尽全力去实现目标——始终不渝。
7 正因为如此，已经获得八枚奥运金牌的卡尔· 刘易斯依然筹划在36岁时再度
参加1996年的奥运会，同那些年龄只有他一半的年轻人决一雌雄；铁饼运动员艾
尔· 奥特，在连续获得四届奥运会的金牌之后，47岁时依然为进入奥运队伍而努力。 8 游泳健将珍尼特·埃文斯在1988年的汉城奥运会上虽获得三枚金牌，但她表达
了同样的心愿：四年后再次夺冠。在400米自由泳项目中，她因毫厘之差与金牌擦肩而过。随后，她完成了800米自由泳项目，这是她一生中最具有心理挑战的一次比赛，结果她夺冠胜出。“我只是想再一次登上冠军的领奖台，”她坦白地说。
9 他们胸怀大志。|我曾经让一个世界级的运动员猜测一次重大比赛的结果。“我
会得第五名，”他说。他果真得了第五名。他本来可以轻而易举地名列第三，甚至是第二，因为另外两名主要对手发挥得不好。
10 拿他和“弗洛·乔”——弗洛伦斯·格里菲斯·乔伊纳比比 吧。在1998年奥
运会前一周的训练中，乔伊纳在日记中写下预计自己百米短跑夺冠的成绩：10.54秒。当弗洛·乔跨过终点线时，刚好是10.54秒。她不仅能够在赛前看到自己夺冠，而且对夺冠的成绩也能作出毫秒不差的预测。
11 他们从不放弃。| 1992年夏季奥运会有两个让人极度惋惜的特写镜头。在百
米跨栏比赛中，本来绝对领先他人的美国短跑运动员盖尔· 德弗斯在跨越最后一道障碍时绊倒在地。但她双膝跪地，极其痛苦地爬完了最后五米，虽然仅获得第五名，但是完成了比赛。
12 更加令人心碎的是400米半决赛。英国选手德里克· 雷德蒙的一条腿受了伤，
跌倒在跑道上。他挣扎着站起来，只见他一瘸一拐地跑起来，显然是决心完成比赛。他的父亲从看台上跑下来，想搀扶他离开跑道，但是这个运动员拒绝放弃比赛。他倚靠着自己的父亲，父子俩蹒跚而行，直到终点，观众的掌声震耳欲聋。
13他们创造运气。|当保罗·怀利在阿尔贝维尔赢得男子花样溜冰比赛的银牌时，
除他以外，所有的人都很惊讶。本来有望得奖的几位选手有的受伤了，有的发挥不好。“没有人会想到我能登上领奖台，”怀利说，“但是，之前我拼了命地训练，当最有希望获胜的运动员比赛失利时，我已作好了夺冠的准备。”
14 我所了解的这些奥运选手，为了那个辉煌的时刻，日复一日、年复一年地埋
头苦干。溜冰运动员凌晨四时起身，为的是在溜冰场向公众开放之前挤出几个小时的训练时间。自行车竞技运动员在每天上班前，进行长达几小时的长跑训 练。拳击运动员每天都前往体育馆进行不懈的训练。
15 奥运会上运气当然重要，这和生活的其他领域一样。当最优秀的单簧管手生
病时，屈居第二但是勤奋练习的乐手就有幸获得独奏的机会。这就像在紧急情况下助理销售经理填补老板的位置一样。当然，在这两种情况下，要填补上来的人必须为自己的巨大转机作好准备。在奥运会上——在任何情况下——好运只光顾那些做好准备迎接好运的人。
Unit7 TextB
奥林匹克理想的象征
1 奥林匹克的格言、信条、誓言、圣火、会旗及其会歌——这些都是奥林匹克
理想的象征。它们共同体现着奥林匹克运动的精髓，各自都为奥林匹克运动会的精神财富作出了贡献。
2 奥林匹克格言： 著名的奥林匹克格言“Citius, Altius, Fortius”是拉丁
语，意思是“更快、更高、更勇”。但在英语中，这一格言广为认同的说法是“更快、更高、更强”。1894年6月23日，法国教育家米歇尔·布里厄在现代奥林匹克运动会复兴大会的闭幕宴会上首度使用该用语。就在那次大会 上，它被认可为国际奥林匹克运动委员会的正式格言。
3 奥林匹克誓言：|每一届奥林匹克运动会开幕时，所有的运动员都要承诺将公
平比赛，遵守各项奥运规则。在开幕式上一名来自主办国的运动员代表全体运动员宣誓。他手执奥运旗帜的一角，背诵如下的誓言： “我代表全体参赛运动员宣誓，在本次奥林匹克运动会上，我们将尊重并遵守大会各项规则，恪守体育道德，为体育争光，为团体争光。”
4 该运动员誓言的作者是德·顾拜旦男爵，1920年在比利时安特卫普奥运会上
首次被宣读。
5 奥林匹克信条：|开幕式上，主办国的一个裁判诵读出现在记分牌上的奥运信
条： “奥运重在参与，不在于夺冠，就像生活重在奋斗，而不在于成功；奥运的要旨不是已经征服，而是曾经奋斗拼搏。”
6 尽管奥运历史上表达这一基本精神的措辞屡经变换，上述信条自1972年在慕尼
黑奥运会上采用后就一直沿用到今。
7 奥林匹克圣火：|在希腊神话里，火是神圣的。点燃奥林匹克圣火的传统来自
古希腊。古代奥林匹克运动会上，圣火采自奥林匹亚山上的阳光，它一直燃烧到运动会结束。
8 现代奥林匹克之火是在1928年阿姆斯特丹奥林匹克运动会的开幕式上首次点
燃。每隔四年当古老的火焰为新一届奥运会再次点燃时，这个古希腊的遗风得以复活。
9 奥林匹克会歌：|奥林匹克会歌原本是首诗，由20世纪最著名和最受人喜爱的
一位希腊诗人科斯塔·帕拉马斯1893年所作。1896年希腊作曲家斯皮罗斯·萨马拉斯为帕拉马斯的这首诗歌谱曲，同年，这首歌曲首度唱响在雅典举行的第一个复兴后的奥林匹克运动会上。
10 多年来，许多不同版本的会歌在奥林匹克运动会上演奏和歌唱。1958年国际
奥委会最终确定其中的一个版本作为奥林匹克运动会的正式会歌。下面引用的帕拉马斯诗歌不太确切的英文版译文便是自1958年起在每次的奥林匹克运动会上吟唱的英文版会歌。 * 古代不朽之神 真善美之父 祈求你降临尘世彰显你的光辉 在这大地上苍穹间 它第一个见证你流芳百世的荣耀 请把活力与生气赐予这些崇高的竞技！ 把永不凋谢的花环颁赠给优胜者！ 塑造出钢铁般的意志！ 放射出玫瑰般的艳丽霞光 筑起一座巨大的神殿 世界各地的人们都来膜拜你， 啊！永远不朽的古代之神。
11 奥林匹克会旗：|开幕式演奏奥林匹克会歌时，会旗冉冉升起。据说皮埃
尔·德·顾拜旦在特尔斐掘出的一个祭坛石头上发现了雕刻其上的五环标志的真迹。如今，彩色奥运环是世界上最广泛认可的的标志。
12 奥运会会旗长2.06米，高60厘米，白底无边，中央有五个圆环。白色的背景
象征和平和真理。五个环代表世界的五大洲： ●蓝色代表欧洲 ●黑色代表非洲 ●红色代表美洲 ●黄色代表亚洲 ●绿色代表大洋洲
13 奥运会会旗象征和平、友好、全球团结和宽容。真正意义在于，它使那些无
法在自己国度的旗帜下参赛的运动员有机会一展风采。
14 奥林匹克的理想使我们日常生活充满生气和活力，而不只是对过去的顶礼膜
拜。
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课文翻译35_大学英语课文翻译
Unit8 TextA
竞争与合作
1 人们往往认为自由市场的竞争“残酷”、“造成浪费”。“贪婪的私利”遵
循“丛林法则”中“适者生存”这唯一的一条定 律，使“互相倾轧”的竞争变本加厉。与之形成对照的是，也有人说政府的调节有可能促进真正的合作，使公民“团结起来”，推动公益事业。
2 然而，那些反对自由市场竞争的人们根本不懂自由市场竞争。充满竞争的市场
才擅长合作。更确切地说，要在市场上取得成功，必须具备很强的合作能力。在养羊、纺纱到零售这一系列广泛而多样化的活动中，正因为许多工人乐意倾力合作，羊毛大衣的消费者才最终获得舒适。每一件羊毛大衣，在生产和销售的过程中，都需要为数众多的人们齐心协力，这就是合作。同样，一支铅笔的存在，也是源于世界各地数不胜数的人以及公司之间的合作才成为可能。
3 可是人们仍然认为，卖大衣或者铅笔的私营公司处于竞争而不是合作的状态。
从真正的意义上讲，这些公司确实如此。每一家公司、每一个生产商都参与竞争，为的是获得满足消费者需求的优势。然而，这些公司之间不乏合作。竞争与合作并存，各自都为建立和平、繁荣的社会而发挥作用。
4 合作与竞争的作用| 交响乐团是合作的最佳范例，但是即使在交响乐团内，竞
争也发挥作用。交响乐团中的每一个位置，都有不同的乐手在为之竞争；而且不同的交响乐团为了取得有名的录制室的录制权也在竞争。在这些方面，足球队、棒球
队和交响乐团非常相似：不同的运动员为了获得队里的某个位置而竞 争，同时不同的球队为了夺冠而互相竞争。生产钢铁、经营百货商店、出版杂志，都需要合作与竞争。在人类社会里，竞争与合作是不可避免的。
5 竞争与供不应求形影不离。当有些商品没有足够的数量可以提供给消费者时，
就会发生供不应求的情况。这样我们必须找到某种方式来确定谁手中拥有这种奇缺的商品以及他拥有多少。自由市场里公认的方式是允许那些需要某种商品的人竞价来购买这一商品，比如，一蒲式耳苹果。苹果自然会卖给那个自愿用最大价值的货物来交换这些苹果的人。我们称其为“出价竞争”，但是必须注意，这种竞争从根本上不同于另外一种“竞争”——对身体实施恐怖行动：他痛打其他想买苹果的人，然后自己得到这些苹果。
6 当然，生产某种商品（比如羊毛大衣或铅笔）需要将许多人的劳动和知识协
调起来时，合作正好发挥作用。这时，为了获得工作机会而竞争的人们发觉自己正在同他人合作，共同生产某种产品。这种合作不仅仅在同事之间发生，公司与客户、股东、债权人和诸多供应商之间也存在着合作。卖方与买方合作，为了让买方成为回头客；雇主与工人合作，为了提高工作效率；客户与供应商合作，为了确保可靠的服务和优质的货物。在充满竞争的市场上，合作的确是所有经济活动的一个标志。 7 好处与坏处| 并非所有种类的合作都是有利的，同样，并非所有种类的竞争
都是有益的。其实，竞争有可能带来坏处。如果通用汽车公司在通往福特公司的工厂和经销处的路上撒下钉子，这就是一种非经济的竞争形式——也是一种最不受欢迎的竞争形式。通用公司在福特公司及消费者付出代价的基础上受益，因为路上的钉子能有效地消除消费者选购福特汽车的可能性。但是，请注意，如果通用公司和福特公司互相合作，疏通议员，成功地争取对进口汽车的限制，也会发生同样不理想的结果。关税对消费者的伤害不亚于路面上的钉子。但是，很少有人把关税、倾销法以及代价惨重的法规看成是残酷竞争或商业合作的例子。相反，这样的立法通常被尊崇为理想的社会政策。
8 “互相倾轧”和“适者生存”是不堪入耳的词语，严重歪曲了私人产业市场
内的竞争活动。在竞争市场上，公司之间的竞争方式并非野蛮地互相伤害，而是看谁给客户提供最好的服务。也就是说，在竞争市场上，公司之间的竞争方式是看谁
和消费者保持最好的合作。凯玛特和沃尔玛都竭力为客户提供更好的商品质量和价格，因为每一家公司都知道，如果自己无法提供上乘的质量和优惠的价格，客户就会光顾其他更能回应消费者需要的公司。这两家公司能够生存是因为它们与消费者的合作力度能使它们盈利。倘若保护一家公司免受来自其他对手的竞争的冲击，就意味着鼓励它不要和消费者紧密合作。
9 当然，在任何一个充满竞争的行业只有那些最适应环境的公司才能生存。在
20世纪30年代，杂货主要由夫妻店经 营。今天，超级市场已经取代夫妻店，每一家平均经营约5万种商品。超级市场为消费者提供了一个崭新的购物选择。消费者自愿将自己的惠顾目标从夫妻店转向超级市场，因为在消费者眼里，与夫妻店相比，超级市场和消费者的合作更好。事实上，超级市场并没有击垮夫妻店。这些小店的老 板，有些退休了，有些转行了。今天，夫妻店老板的子孙过的生活，肯定比超级市场未出现时富裕得多。
10 结论| 市场上的竞争是合作者之间的竞争。每个行业的最佳合作者能够“获
胜”，其意义并非在于摧毁对手，而在于比对手盈利更多。竞争对手无法在一个行业成功时，转而进入那些他们可能具有相对的竞争优势的行业。市场规范和价格体现的信息结合起来，确保我们每一个人以最可能有效的方式、和最可能多的人保持合作关系。市场并非削弱合作，而是加强合作。
Unit8 TextB
行为准则
1 为了建设一个健康和谐的社会，我们必须对所处环境当中的自我加以认识与
了解。在这一认识和了解自己的过程 中，我们会意识到那些儿童时期就已经潜移默化了的行为准则。有了这种自我认识，我们就有可能强化那些行之有效的准则，纠
正妨碍我们进步的规范，从而与同伴们建立和谐的人际关系。
2 行为准则对人际关系有着至关重要的影响，不应把它们只看作社会习俗而不
认真对待。正如我们得说相同的语言才能彼此理解一样，我们需要行为准则，行为准则构成了互相尊重的基础，而良好关系的确立就来自这里。在尊重他人的过程中，我们会不知不觉地心怀仁爱。
3 并非人人都对行为准则——尤其是对礼貌——给予必要的重视。虽说没有规
矩我们无法生活，但有时我们却很反感规矩。一方面，我们不愿束缚自己，可另一方面，我们不想因他人缺乏约束而让自己承担后果。结果，为了大家在一定程度上和平共处，即使是最叛逆的人也被迫遵从最起码的规范。
4 礼貌待人的确是建立行为准则的一个必备条件。有时即使我们本意是好的，
还会经常在人际关系上出现问题，原因在于我们并没有认识到自己考虑不周或行为鲁莽。人际关系会因为甚至仅有的一次不当言行而受到无可挽回的伤害。礼貌可以帮助我们克服最困难的境况，是我们处理人际关系中不可替代的资产。不过，我们需要记住一点：倘若在每天的人际关系中任由自己的感情和本能冲动无所羁绊，只在某些情形下才举止得体，那只会削弱我们为学会生活而付出的努力。例如，在公共场合彬彬有礼，回到家里却撒野耍横、毫无耐心，诸如此类的行为就不能成为我们的行为准则。
5 优越感和傲慢有损于人际关系，因此谨防这两种心态是十分有益的。一个人
尽管本意是好的，但是他会将帮助和劝说与发号施令混淆起来。只要别人听从他的意见，他便会为他们殚精竭虑；一旦别人不顺从他的意思，他便开始对人家大加指责，要恩断义绝。这种态度引起很多人际关系上的问题，会引起负面的情绪和怨恨，非但不能助人一臂之力，实际上反倒令人气馁。当我们处于这种思想状态时，我们会指出别人的错误和不足，却忘记鼓励和赏识人家。我们不要提出“别人能为我做什么？”的问题，但我们可提出“我能为别人做什么？我怎样才能将我的一生、劳动和经验奉献出 来？”等问题。也就是说，我们把指责他人的态度搁置一 边，采取为他人服务的态度。其他人是我们生活的一部分。
6 言及于此，礼貌待人和清晰的评判都不足以帮助他人。如果没有无私的爱心，
没有积极的态度，一切善意的努力都是徒劳。
7 如果我们的态度通过提供实际、有益、可行的建议激励他人，传递爱心，那
么这种态度就是积极的。
8 积极的态度可以支持和培育他人，帮助他人建立信心，赋予他人面对困难的
勇气。积极的态度也可以生成快乐、健康的人际关系。尤其在我们经受磨难和心情沮丧时，这种态度本身就是一种很大的帮助。
9 积极的态度不是流于表面的乐观主义。相反，积极的态度会在我们自身和周
围人身上激发起付出一切必要努力和为崇高事业牺牲自我的愿望。
10 积极的态度不取决于成功和运气。因此，抱有这一态度的人无论是悲伤还是高兴，无论在奋斗中是否成功，其行为举止总是一致的。
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