一 : 初中中考常见的及物动词和不及物动词区分

及物动词和不及物动词

一 定义：

A 有些动词只是及物动词; 它们不可以单独用，后面必须跟宾语。（www.61k.com） {Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch.

False: He is sending now. {Right: He is sending a letter now. False: They always want after lunch.

B 有些动词只是不及物动词；它们可以单独用，如果后面想接宾语，动词后面必须加上介词。

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{Right: He is looking around. False: He is looking me. Right: He is looking at me. Right: He is listening carefully. False: He is listening the teacher carefully. Right: He is listening to the teacher carefully. C 有些动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词; 但是有时候词义会改变。 The customer is asking loudly. The customer is asking for you now. The customer is asking a question now.

If you work hard, you will succeed.

If you work hard, you will succeed in passing the exam (same meaning).

If you work hard, you will succeed John as the manager of this company (different

meaning).

二 动词使用的建议：

当使用动词时，一定要分清楚这个动词属于哪一类 [动词分类]，然后再根据不同的使用规则使用不同动词。

及物不及物 词义大不同

及物动词 初中中考常见的及物动词和不及物动词区分

在美国，一些厕所里经常写着这样的标示语:

We Aim to Please,

You Aim It Too Please.

你知道它的意思吗?这里的关键词是aim，这两个aim的词义和用法不一样，第一个aim是不及物动词，意思为"旨在,目的是"，第二个aim是及物动词，意思是"使...瞄准"．另外，这两个please的含义也不一样，第一个是不及物动词，意为"使人高兴"，第二个是副词，意思是"请"，it在这里是"大小便"．这两句抽韵话的意思是:我们想让你高兴，也请你便时瞄准．这种诙谐的标语，目的是告诉人们要自觉保持厕所干净，不要便在池外．

英语里有很多动词，既可以是及物动词，也可以是不及物动词；但及物与不及物,词义不一样.不及物时,一般要加介词,才能跟宾语.所以一定要弄清楚，动词在什么情况下当及物动词，在什么情况下当不及物动词．看下面两个句子有什么区别．

A: He is preparing the exam. 他在准备考试．(实际意思是，他在准备出考题，他是个老师．)

B: He is preparing for the exam. 他在准备考试．(实际意思是，他在复习，为参加考试做准备，他是个学生．)

A句中的prepare是个及物动词,可跟宾语,词义是"筹备",如:

prepare his lessons 准备功课，预习功课

prepare a bed for a guest 为客人准备床

prepare a report 起草一份报告

prepare a medicine 配药

B句中的prepare是个不及物动词，不能跟宾语，词义是＂做准备＂．要跟宾语，必须跟介词for，如：prepare for the worst做最坏的打算．

The teacher is preparing the exam while the students are preparing for the exam.

老师在准备考题，学生在准备考试．

请仔细体会下面的句子，特别要关注一下动词及物与不及物进意思的区别：

1. I don't know the writer, but i know of him.

2. Please hand the paper to me, so that I could hand it in.

3. You can offend me but you cannot offend against the law.

4. If you call on me at 6 pm, please call me at 12 am.

5. I believe what he said but I don't believe in him.

我不认识这位作家，但是我听说过．

请把那篇论文递给你，我要上交．

你可以冒犯我，但不能违背法律．

如果你下午六点来找我，你上午十二点给我打电话．

我相信他说的话，但我不相信他．

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

及物动词 初中中考常见的及物动词和不及物动词区分

常见的及物：afford,allow,blame,bring,contain,deny,enjoy,examine,excuse,fetch,fix,get,greet,have,hit,inform,let,like,love,make,mean,need,omit,owe,prefer,prove,put,remind,select,wrap.

不及物的：faint,hesitate,lie,occur,pause,rain,remain,sleep,sneeze.

常见的及物，不及物的：

answer,ask,begin,borrow,choose,climb,dance,eat,enter,fail,fill,grow,help,hurry,jump,know,leave,marry,meet,obey,pull,read,see,sell,touch,wash,watch,win,write

动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。［www.61k.com］动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：

a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：

He reached Paris the day before yesterday.

Please hand me the book over there.

They asked me to go fishing with them.

类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....

b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用于："主＋谓"结构。

This is the room where I once lived.

类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....

c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....

d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。

He lifted his glass and drank.

类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植

play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅

ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言）

hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作

需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语，如：I dreamed a dream last night.

二 : 及物动词和不及物动词有什么区别有什么用为什么要记得他们的词性

及物动词和不及物动词有什么区别有什么用为什么要记得他们的词性

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根据动词本身能不能接宾语，动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。

1.不及物动词:不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不需要接宾语。

例如：

The rain stopped.雨停了。

What happened yesterday?昨天发生了什么？

注意：不及物动词没有被动语态。

2.及物动词:后面必须接宾语的动词叫做及物动词。有的动词必须接一个宾语，有的必须接两个宾语。

1)单宾语

He's reading a magazine.他正在读一本杂志。

2)双宾语

Mr Zhang teaches us English.张老师教我们英语。

3)复合宾语必须接一个宾语同时接一个补语

We often hear him sing in the park.我们经常听到他在公园里唱歌。

三 : 及物动词和不及物动词有什么区别？

及物动词和不及物动词有什么区别？

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简单说：及物动词后面可以直接跟宾语，不及物动词后面需要借助介词等才可以跟宾语。

如： She speaks English. 这里"speak"是及物动词,后面跟了宾语"English"

She goes to school. "go"是不及物动词需要借助介词"to"跟上宾语"school". 但有时,人们也可以把"to school"看成目的状语, 这样"go"还是不及物动词, 这句话只有主、谓语，没有宾语。

四 : 法语及物动词和不及物动词

法语及物动词和不及物动词

1、及物动词：可以带宾语的动词叫及物动词。

及物动词又分为直接及物动词和间接及物动词。

1）直接及物动词与宾语之间不加介词。直接及物动词的宾语叫直接宾语，不需要介词作引导。如：

J’aime le français.

J’écoute des enregistrements.

Nous faisons des exercices.

2）间接及物动词和其宾语之间要用介词，有时用de 或 à，间接及物动词的宾语叫间接宾语，一般需要介词作引导。如：

Ilparle de ses études à ses parents.

Jeprofite du temps libre pourapprendre le chinois.

Elle pense à sesparents.

2、不及物动词

不能带宾语的动词叫不及物动词。这类动词没有直接宾语，也没有间接宾语，但可能有状语，表示其动作不施与于另一人、事、物。如：

Pierre travaille dans une usine.

Son frère va à l’école.

Elle vient de Paris.

注意：有少数动词即可以作及物动词用，也可以作不及物动词用，如：

Nous sortons de la classe. （不及物动词）

Elle sort de sa poche unstylo. （及物动词）

Le cours de français finit à midi. （不及物动词）

Le professeur finit son cours àmidi. （及物动词）

五 : 常见的及物动词和不及物动词区别

只要是动词都有这么分的，标注vt的是及物动词，标注vi的是不及物动词。不及物动词没有被动态。

动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（transitive verb）、不及物动词（intransitive verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。

英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。首先，要分清及物不及物动词。

动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：

a． 主要用作及物动词。

及物动词后面必须跟宾语。

可用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：

he reached paris the day before yesterday.

they asked me to go fishing with them.

类似的还有：

buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise,

raise, find, forget,receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select,suppose, show, make, take, tell....

1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词，可分为如下两类。

1) 及物动词＋宾语例：I love my home. 我爱我家。

He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。

2) 及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语例：

She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。

My mother gave me a new pen. 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。

提示：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有：

give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show,

read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。

b主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与："主＋谓"结构。

this is the room where i once lived.

类似的还有：

agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist,

rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeedappear get

feelkeep makeproveremain restrise seem standstay

turn turn out, wait, cry, smile, laugh, stop, rain, snow

2、 不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。

例：She came last week. 她上周来的。

It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。

Class began at half past seven. 7点半开始上课。

What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事？

c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。

如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.

类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....

d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。

如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。

we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.

lift作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。

he lifted his glass and drank.

3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。

例如：She can dance and sing. 　　她能唱歌又能跳舞。

（sing在此用作不及物动词。）

She can sing many English songs. 　　她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）

类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打;

grow vi.生长 vt. 种植

play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏

smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅

ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话

speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言）

hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死

operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作

根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词（带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语）。如：

When will he arrive? 他什么时候到？（arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词）

He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。（reach 带了宾语，为及物动词）

有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：

The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）

The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）

He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法）

He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法）

The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）

The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）

20个常见的不及物动词短语

1.break down (stop functioning 坏了，不好使了)

that old jeep had a tendency to break down just when i needed it the most.

2.catch on (become popular 出名)

popular songs seem to catch on in california first and then spread eastward.

3. come back ( return to a place 返回)

father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.

4. come in ( enter进入)

they tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked.

5.come to ( regain consciousness恢复意识)

he was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.

6.come over (to visit访问)

the children promised to come over, but they never do.

7.drop by (visit without appointment 顺便拜访)

we used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that.

8.eat out (dine in a restaurant 外出吃饭)

when we visited paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.

9. get by ( survive凑合，过得去)

uncle heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.

10.get up ( arise起床)

grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it on her own.

11. go back ( return to a place 回到)

it's hard to imagine that we will ever go back to lithuania.

12.go on ( continue继续 )

he would finish one dickens novel and then just go on to the next.

13. go on (2) ( happen发生 )

the cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.

14. grow up ( get older变老 )

charles grew up to be a lot like his father.

15.keep away ( remain at a distance保持距离 )

the judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home.

16. keep on (+动名称) ( continue with the same继续保持)

he tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.

17. pass out ( lose consciousness, faint昏过去，晕)

he had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.

18. show off ( demonstrate haughtily 炫耀)

whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off.

19. show up( arrive到达，出现)

day after day, efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.

20. wake up (arouse from sleep醒来)

i woke up when the rooster crowed.

21.take place 发生 in 1919,the may 4th movement took place in china.

22.come out出版，出来，is the new edition of the book coming out?

23.come true 实现 your wish will one day come true . 您的愿望总有一天会实现的。

24 run out 用光 ，耗尽 do your homework before you run out of time 本文标题：及物动词和不及物动词的区别-初中中考常见的及物动词和不及物动词区分
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