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湖北高考试题及答案-2015湖北省七市联考语文试题及答案

发布时间:2018-01-03 所属栏目:语文基础知识

一 : 2015湖北省七市联考语文试题及答案

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机密★启用前 试卷类型:B
湖北省七市(州)高三2015年3月联合调考
语 文
一、语文基础知识(共15分,共5小题,每小题3分)
1.下列各组词语中,加点字的注音全都正确的一组是
A.颤动(chàn) 联袂(mèi) 道观(guān) 锲而不舍(qiè)
B.处方(chǔ) 仲裁(zhòng) 敛衽(rèn) 翘首以待(qiáo)
C.鸡肋(lèi) 不啻(cì) 彤云(tóng) 条分缕析(lǚ)
D.践别(jiàn) 晕车(yùn) 翡翠(fěi) 意味隽永(jùn)
2.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的一组是
A.倥偬 娴静 见往知来 树倒猢狲散
B.皈依 埂塞 心无旁骛 八字没一撇
C.诧异 骀荡 要言不烦 废力不讨好
D.畅销 猎奇 举步维艰 快刀斩乱麻
3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是
近年来,不良文艺增多,并逐渐大行其道。有的走向了低俗文艺、媚俗文艺、恶俗文艺,甚至 为黄色文艺。这些“伪文艺” 人们的鉴赏视野,刺激人们的感官娱乐。当这些“伪文艺” 文艺阵地后,文艺生态受到很大破坏,优秀作品主导文艺创作的生态格局 。
A.堕落 充斥 蚕食 岌岌可危
B.沦落 充塞 鲸吞 岌岌可危
C.堕落 充塞 蚕食 摇摇欲坠
D.沦落 充斥 鲸吞 摇摇欲坠
4.下列各项中,没有语病的一项是
A.对于思想品德,现行高考政策中,除全国性加分项目外,还包括了地方性高考加分项目,从2015年1月1日起,将减少地方性的大部分扶持性加分及全部鼓励性加分。
B.自去年开始限制“三公消费”以来,公务机市场就迎来了寒冬,公务机订单的违约率大幅增长,客户取消订单或者推迟交付的案例在中国屡见不鲜。
C.开展重点地区社会治安集中整治是项多部门参战,时间紧,任务重,各参战部门不能各行其是,各自为阵,单打独斗。
D.无论张大千怎样模仿石涛,都会或多或少带有一两分自己的味道,这种味道仅从局部观察是很难体会到的,必须从大局品味,即“远观其气”。
5.下列有关文学常识和文学名著的表述,有错误的一项是
A.《孟子•离娄(下)》:“言无实不祥。不祥之实,蔽贤者当之。”意思是说话没有事实根据是不好的。这种不好的后果,应该由妨碍贤人得到重用的人来负责。
B.《头发的故事》中“头发”代表着中国人民心中长存已久的封建思想。辛亥革命之后,民众除了革去头上的辫子外,社会状态是换汤不换药,没有实质性的变化,也就是说封建思想在中国人心中是难以除去的。
C.《哈姆莱特》中丹麦王子哈姆莱特因父王暴死回国奔丧,他的叔叔克劳狄斯继承了王位,和王子的妈妈乔特露德结为夫妇。在官外,人们纷纷传播新王编造的谎话:说老王在花园睡觉时被毒蛇咬死。王子对爸爸的死因深信不疑。
D.列夫•托尔斯泰是19世纪俄国最伟大的现实主义作家,《战争与和平》是他的具有史诗和编年史特色的鸿篇巨制,其中塑造的娜塔莎是1个出身贵族,充满浪漫幻想又多愁善感的经典的女性形象。
二、现代文(论述类文本)阅读(共9分,共3小题,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文章,完成6-8题。
漫谈“知其不可而为之”的精神品格
赵建成
孔子在后世被尊为圣人,享有至上的尊荣,然而在其所生活的时代,他却是处处碰壁,甚至发出了“知我者其天乎”的感慨称。《论语》记录了时人对孔子的评价:子路宿于石门。晨门曰:“奚自?”子路曰:“自孔氏。”曰:“是知其不可而为之者与?”
这个晨门与《论语》中其他的隐士都是勇于避世、果于忘世的知其不可而不为者。晨门对孔子的评价虽在一定程度上含有一些讥诮的意味,是对孔子的否定,但对孔子的认识却十分深刻,非常准确地概括了孔子一生的主流精神,即坚韧不拔、锲而不舍的追求精神和奋斗精神,又具有悲剧美的意蕴。孔子编订六经、广收门徒、周游列国,为的是实现他的政治理想。而在礼乐崩坏的春秋时代,他的政治主张并不为各国当政者所采纳,因此这只能是一件无法完成的伟业。但孔子并没有放弃,靠的就是这种“知其不可而为之”的精神。孔子在中国的历史与文化中产生如此重大的影响,原因之一也正是这种精神。
“知其不可而为之”的精神是1种十分可贵的文化品格。它可以追溯到上古时代的原始先民时期,是对中国古代民族精神的继承和发展。中国古代神话的一些著名篇章如《山海经》中的“精卫填海”、“夸父逐日”、“刑天舞干戚”等可以看作这种文化品格的最早源头。这虽然是神话传说,但反映的却是中国原始先民的意志品质,可以说是“知其不可而为之”文化品格的先声。
然而,这种文化品格的确立是由孔子完成的,是他为之注入更为深厚和丰富的内涵,并通过具体的行动对后世产生深远的影响。“知其不可而为之”是1种强烈的责任感和使命感,也是1种文化自信。孔子为匡人所困,他说,文王去世后,周代的文化不都体现在我身上吗?上天如果想要消灭这种文化,后来的人就不可能掌握这种文化了;上天若不消灭这种文化,那么匡人又能把我怎么样呢?可见,孔子是以文王、周公的继任者自居的,这既为他提供了自信的力量,也使他的内心充满了责任感和使命感。
对于孔子而言,他的一切行动不是建立在预判了结果的基础之上的,而是从他所信奉的道德标准出发,去做他该做的事。当然在做之前,他可能已经预见了事情的结果,但这并不会影响他应有的行动。陈成子弑其君齐简公。孔子沐浴而朝,告于鲁哀公而请讨之。衰公命其告夫季孙、孟孙、仲孙三子。孔子又告夫三子,不可。两次“告”的结果,孔子是早就知道的,但“以吾从大夫之后,不敢不告也”。子路也曾经说过,君子出仕,要尽其应尽之职责,而其政治主张行不通,早就知道了。这种对于形势的认识,应来自孔子。
为与不为,都是1种人生选择,但孔子所确立的“知其不可而为之”的文化品格是1种更高的精神境界。朱熹《论语精义》曰:“……夫可不可在天,而为不为在己。圣人畏天命,故修其在己者,以听之天,未尝遗天下。圣人亦不敢忘天下。虽知其不可,得不为哉?”宋钱时《融堂四书管见》卷七亦云:“知其不可而不为者,晨门之所以贤;知其不可而不可以不为者,夫子之所以圣。晨门但知晨几,而不知夫子之为夫子者也。”他们都看到了这种文化品格的可贵之处与重大意义。
孔子之后,“知其不可而为之”的文化品格代代相传,成为中华民族精神的重要组成部分,并在众多优秀的代表人物身上集中体现出来。屈原和文天祥便是其中尤为特出者。“亦余心之所善兮,虽九死其犹未悔”、“人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青”,这些诗句是他们高洁品格、高尚人格的光辉写照。他们的言行是“知其不可而为之”文化品格的突出表现,尤其在国家和民族面临危亡的重大关头,起到了重大的精神支撑作用,培养了中国士人主动承担历史责任的勇气,影响深远。
今天,“知其不可而为之”的文化品格仍是我们宝贵的精神财富和力量源泉。
(摘自2014年9月15日《中国社会科学报》有删改)
6.下列对“知其不可而为之”的精神的理解,不符合原文意思的一项是
A.孔子确立了“知其不可而为之”文化品格的内涵,在孔子身上,这种品格体现为1种强烈的责任感和使命感,也是1种文化的自信。
B.孔子之后,“知其不可而为之”的精神被众多优秀的代表人物继承,特别在国家和民族面临危亡的重大关头,起到了重大的精神支撑作用。
C.“知其不可而为之”是孔子一生的主流精神,他编订六经、广收门徒、周游列国,在中国的历史与文化中产生重大的影响,靠的就是这种精神。
D.“知其不可而为之”的文化品格起源于上古时代,中国古代神话中的“精卫填海”、“夸父逐日”、“刑天舞干戚”等正是这种文化品格的前奏。
7.下列理解和分析,符合原文意思的一项是
A.晨门讥诮孔子,一定程度上否定了孔子;但他说孔子“知其不可而为之”,也肯定了孔子坚韧不拔、锲而不舍的追求精神和奋斗精神。
B.“知其不可而为之”的精神反映了上古时期原始先民的意志品质,是中国古代民族精神的继承和发展,因而是1种十分可贵的文化品格。
C.陈成子弑其君齐简公,孔子“告”鲁哀公,要求出兵讨伐,哀公也同意出兵,让他“告”季孙、孟孙、仲孙三子,结果不被三子许可。
D.宋代钱时认为晨门“贤”在“知其不可而不为”,但晨门不了解也不可能像孔子那样“知其不可而不可以不为”,因而晨门成不了“圣人”。
8.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析正确的一项是
A.对于“为”与“不为”,孔子不是站在个人得失上所作出的功利性选择,而是“听命于天”,“不敢忘天下”,因而具有更高的精神境界。
B.孔子的“知其不可而为之”的文化品格,培养了中国士人主动承担历史责任的勇气,直到今天,仍是我们应该遵守的行为准则。
C.孔子在其所生活的时代处处碰壁,主要原因是他总以文王、周公的继任者自居,他的自信使各国的当政者感到了威胁,从而不敢接纳他。
D.孔子的一切行动都不计后果,只要符合他所信奉的道德标准,即使在做之前明知会失败,他仍会毫不动摇,这也正是其人生悲剧所在。
三、古代诗文阅读(共34分,共7小题)
阅读下面的文言文,完成9-12题。
汪沨,字魏美,钱塘人。少孤贫,力学,与人落落寡谐,人号曰汪冷。举崇祯己卯乡试,与同县陆培齐名。
甲申后,培自经死,沨为文祭之,一恸几绝,遂弃科举。姻党欲强之试礼部,出千金视其妻,俾劝驾,妻曰:“吾夫子不可劝,吾亦不屑此金也。”尝独身提药裹往来山谷之间,宿食无定处。沨故城居,母老,欲时时见沨,其兄澄、弟沄亦弃诸生服,奉母徙城外。沨时来定省,然沨能自来,家人欲往迹之,不可得。
嗣因兵乱,奉母入天台。海上师起,群盗满山谷,复返钱塘。当是时,湖上有三孝廉,皆高士,沨其一也,当事皆重之。监司卢高尤下士,一日,遇沨于僧舍,问:“汪孝廉何在?”沨应曰:“适在此,今已去矣。”高怅然,不知应者即沨也。高尝舣舟载酒西湖上,约三高士以世外礼相见,惟沨不至。已,知其在孤山,以船就之,排墙遁去。沨不入城市,有司或以俸金为寿,不得却,坎而埋之。里贵人请墓铭,馈百金,拒弗纳。徙居孤山,匡床布被外,残书数卷,键户出,或返或不返,莫可踪迹。遇好友,饮酒一斗不醉。
魏禧自江西来访,谢弗见。禧留书曰:“吾宁都魏禧也,欲与子握手一痛哭耳!”沨省书大惊,一见若平生欢。临别,执手涕下。沨尝从愚菴和尚究出世法,禧曰:“君事愚菴谨,岂有意为其弟子耶?”沨曰:“吾甚敬愚菴,然今之志士,多为释氏牵去,此吾所以不屑也。”
康熙四年秋,终于宝石山僧舍,年四十有八。
(节录自《清稗类钞•隐逸类》有删改)
9.对下列语句中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.康熙四年秋,终于宝石山僧舍 终于:终老在,死在
B.一见若平生欢 欢:好朋友
C.家人欲往迹之,不可得 迹:找到……的踪迹
D.举崇祯己卯乡试 举:推举,推荐
10.下列各组语句中,全都表现汪沨高士风范的一组是(3分)
①独身提药裹往来山谷间,宿食无定处②奉母徙城外。沨时来定省
③海上师起,群盗满山谷,复返钱塘 ④约三高士以世外礼相见,惟沨不至
⑤里贵人请墓铭,馈百金,拒弗纳 ⑥君事愚菴谨,岂有意为其弟子耶?
A.①②③ B.②④⑥ C.①④⑤ D.③⑤⑥
11.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.魏禧专程从江西来拜访汪沨,开始汪沨也不愿见他,后来看到书信才知道是魏禧,见面后两人很谈得来,以至于舍不得分别。
B.监司卢高很敬重包括汪沨在内的湖上三高士,曾想以世外礼约见他们而不得,有一次卢高当面遇见汪沨,他骗卢高说汪沨刚走。
C.汪沨的妻子不但不劝说汪沨参加科举考试,并且拒绝接受亲戚乡党们的金钱,这说明汪沨的妻子和他一样也是1个有气节的人。
D.甲申年明朝灭亡后,跟汪沨齐名的陆培自缢而死,汪沨写文章祭奠他,悲痛得几近于死去,从此就不再参加科举考试了。
12.请把文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(9分)
(1)姻党欲强之试礼部,出千金视其妻,俾劝驾。(3分)
(2)已,知其在孤山,以船就之,排墙遁去。(3分)
(3)然今之志士,多为释氏牵去,此吾所以不屑也。(3分)
13.请用斜线(/)给下面短文中画线的部分断句。(断句不超过6处)(3分)
(汪沨)临殁,举书卷焚之诗文无一存者起视日影曰可矣书五言诗一章投笔就寝而逝。 (选自《清稗类钞•隐逸类》)
14.阅读下面这首宋词,然后回答问题。(8分)


无俗念•灵虚宫梨花词
丘处机
春游浩荡,是年年、寒食梨花时节。白锦无纹香烂漫,玉树琼葩堆雪。静夜沉沉,浮光霭霭,冷浸溶溶月。人间天上,烂银霞照通彻。
浑似姑射真人,天姿灵秀,意气舒高洁。万化参差谁信道,不与群芳同列。浩气清英,仙材卓荦,下土难分别。瑶台归去,洞天方看清绝。
【注】①姑射真人:《庄子•逍遥游》云:“藐姑射之山,有神人居焉,肌肤若冰雪,绰约若处子。”
(1)怎样理解上阕中“冷浸”中的“冷”字?(4分)
(2)词中说“洞天方看清绝”,请简析作者采用怎样的手法表现梨花之“清绝”的?(4分)
15.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(限选其中的五个小题作答,如答题超过五个,按所答的前五个小题计分。)(5分)
(1) ,任重而道远。(《<论语>十则》)
(2)瀚海阑干百丈冰, 。(岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》)
(3) ,此时无声胜有声。(白居易《琵琶行》)
(4)谨庠序之教,申之以孝悌之义, 。(孟子《寡人之于国也》)
(5) ,有暗香盈袖。(李清照《醉花阴》)
(6)怀良辰以孤往, 。(陶渊明《归去来兮辞》)
(7) ,惟有幽人自来去。(孟浩然《夜归鹿门歌》)
(8)倩何人唤取,红巾翠袖, !(辛弃疾《水龙吟•登建康赏心亭》)
四、现代文(文学类、实用类文本)阅读(共20分,共4小题)
阅读下面的文章,完成16-19题。
神针
墨中白
泗州人喜食鱼,善捕鱼。人常下水,会受风寒,年纪大,腿脚胳膊会酸痛。有病就要治,汴河桥头的许三楼就能医。许三楼治病,很少开药,他常告诫人说,是药三分毒,人生病,是身体中了邪气。有人就医,问清病因,许三楼便拿来细银针,找准穴位,扎进去。一般扎针七天,准好。
许三楼每天太阳偏西准时关门。如来晚了,不管是平民乞丐,还是达官贵人,对不起,明天再医。也有破例时候,一次,钱家当铺少爷上树掏鸟窝摔下后昏迷不醒,钱家人急抱孩子找许三楼。听见哭声,许三楼快步出屋,钱家人一见,扑通跪下,求他救人。许三楼猛一转身说,拿针来。说着话,接过银针,一二三四,银针瞬间扎下,不一会儿,孩子嘴角开始抖动,许三楼脸上露出笑意,紧接着,五六七,又飞快扎下三根银针,孩子睁开眼睛。
钱家送来白银百两,可许三楼只收十文钱。
还有一次破例。新来知府白一品腿酸疼不能站立。师爷上门请许三楼。许三楼认真对师爷说,家中病人多,实不敢离开半步,还请知府上门才好。师爷回去告诉知府,白一品没有生气,坐轿去见许三楼。
白一品亲自登门,许三楼握针出门迎接,并示意知府不要下轿,就坐在里面扎针。
一二三四……十二根银针扎上腿,白一品顿感觉疼痛减轻许多。半个时辰过后,许三楼将白一品腿上银针起了,告诉他明天还来,要接连针七天,才好。
针腿时,透过轿窗,白一品看到前来找许三楼看病的人排着长队。
第二天中午,白一品到许三楼家门外和百姓一起排队。
看见等候在外的白一品,许三楼心想,都说新知府清正廉明,关心百姓,看来是真的。自己昨天破例针腿没错,知府离开腿哪行哟?许三楼走到知府面前,要为他扎针。白一品摇头说,等吧。白一品坚持排队。许三楼很感动。
第三天再针腿时,白一品发现自己是第1个,等腿针好,看病的人才陆续赶来。几天都这样。七天后,知府腿好了。白一品开心说,这下不用坐轿啦。说着话,他从怀中掏出七十文钱,许三楼也不拒绝,伸手接下。
傍晚,许三楼收拾好银针,正准备关门,忽然从汴河桥飞奔一匹马来,跑到门前,从马上跳下1个红脸大汉。来者双手抱起许三楼准备将他送上马背。
何事?许三楼也不惊慌。随俺上山治病。不带针,去何用?红脸大汉一听,放开他。
许三楼进屋拿把银针,顺从地坐到他身后,双手紧紧抱着红脸大汉后腰。白马急驰。半袋烟工夫,马已跑到重岗山。进了山门,红脸大汉下马一看,傻了,身后坐的人不是许三楼,是个十岁男童。
男孩告诉他说,自己是许三楼的五公子,爸爸坐上马后,准备亲自前来,可想到明天还有许多病人来扎针,无奈临时改变主意,让其前来,还请谅解。你也会针?红脸大汉满脸疑问。男童点头,一脸认真。红脸大汉半信半疑将他领到妈妈身边。问清病情,男童拿过银针,一二三四……瞬间针已扎好。感觉如何?红脸大汉抱着母双肩,不放心地问。舒服。见妈妈闭上双眼很享受,红脸大汉悬着的心才放下来。连针七天,妈妈腰不疼了。红脸大汉拿出金银珠宝,男童谢了,只取七十文钱,下山。
知府得知消息后,去找许三楼,让他帮助劝说山匪孙飞虎,把劫去的救济粮归还给府衙。
许三楼点头说,试试看吧。
重岗山寨。红脸大汉热情款待五公子。那可是救命粮。山上的弟兄也等米下锅呀……
五公子告辞。孙飞虎一直送到山下。临别,孙飞虎左脸上停落一只苍蝇,他刚想伸手拍。只听五公子说,去。话音刚落,孙飞虎就看到眼前立着根细银针,针尖上的苍蝇正挣扎拍打着翅膀。有的钱该拿,有的米不能吃呀。丢下这句话,五公子飞身上马。
瞅着一路扬起的尘土,孙飞虎禁不住摸了摸左脸,感觉脸有点木。孙飞虎发现嘴歪时,满山正飘着细雨。
汴河桥头,1个蒙面人找到许三楼,求见五公子。五公子出远门了。何时回来?你的脸不是受一般风寒,要马上针。许三楼答非所问。半个时辰,取针。许三楼交代说,嘴歪最怕风寒,如你用心医治,也不必前来扎针,每天此时只须面向阳光,双手抚心,我便在家为你下针,十天,准好。
歪嘴人将信将疑骑马回山。想到一路上遇到那么多讨饭灾民,再摸下自己的歪脸,他叫人把救济米全部送还给府衙后,这才安心下来。
中午十二时,孙飞虎面南朝泗州城许三楼家方向坐好,他刚把双手放在心口,就觉得左脸上,仿佛真有银针一根接着一根扎下,半个时辰后,孙飞虎感觉左脸上针又被一根根拧下。
隔水隔山又隔城的,许三楼真能在他脸上扎针?孙飞虎不信。不过,许三楼没有骗他,十天后,他的歪嘴真的恢复了原形。
(选自《小说月刊》2013年第4期)
16.下列对这篇小说的赏析,不准确的两项是(4分,两项都对得4分,答对一项得2分,有错项得0分)
A.全篇以自然、生动的叙述,交代了许三楼和五公子治病救人的经历,故事算不上复杂,但情节扣人心弦。


B.小说开头关于泗州人喜食鱼、善捕鱼的环境描写,具有交代事情发生的背景、渲染气氛的重要作用。
C.五公子不仅医术精湛,而且医德高尚,五公子深受爸爸的影响,面对金银珠宝时,也只取七十文钱。
D.文章通过白一品亲自登门以及坚持排队的细节描写,刻画了清正廉明、自尊心强、关心百姓的形象。
E.小说结尾处银针显露出神奇的功效,实则与前文“人生病,是身体中了邪气”相照应,使人觉得既在意料之外又在情理之中。
17.“五公子”这一形象在小说中有什么作用?请简要分析。(4分)
18.“许三楼”有哪些性格特点?请简要分析。(4分)
19.小说以“神针”为题非常妙,请从标题含意、人物形象、故事情节和小说主题的角度加以探究。(8分)
五、语言文字运用(共12分,共3小题)
20.“微博”已成为新的文化现象,不少人都选择通过“微博”方式和自己的粉丝互动,或者发表自己对于社会文化热点的点评。“微博”产生了大量的经典语录,为网民津津乐道。请以“中国汉字听写大会”为主题,写一则微博,要求凸显个性,令人回味,至少使用2种修辞手法,不超过40字。(4分)
21.中学语文教材中的许多文学意象,常常引发我们丰富的联想和想象。请从下列意象中选择1个作为对象,写一段话描绘你所想象的情景。要求:①体现意象特征;②句式不限;③至少运用2种修辞手法。④字数不超过60字。(4分)
羽扇纶巾 梧桐细雨
大漠孤烟 渔舟唱晚
22.下图是一则漫画,请你用两句话概括该漫画的内容。要求①至少使用1种修辞手法;②押韵;③字数不超过30字。(4分)

六、写作(共60分,共1小题)
23.阅读下面的材料,按要求作文。(60分)

有网友在微博上曝光了一组图片,显示为几名医护人员在手术室内摆拍,可以看到后面手术台上躺有病人。“医生手术室自拍”经网络和部分媒体的传播迅速引起广泛关注和热议。为此,西安市卫生局通报了此事的调查处理结果,称该照片发生在民营二级甲等医院西安凤城医院,拍摄于2014年8月15日,经过连续七个小时的手术,保住了一位40多岁农民工的左腿,在完成手术后,因手术室即将搬迁,医务人员拍照留念。根据通报,涉事医院及医生被处以多项行政处罚,其中包括对常务副院长记过处分、留职察看一年,分管副院长免职等决定。
请根据你对材料的理解和感悟,自选1个角度,写一篇不少于800字的文章,文体自定,标题自拟。要求:立意明确,不要套作,不得抄袭。

语文B卷参考答案及评分标准
选择题 37分(1-11每小题3分,16题4分)
题 号123456789101116
答 案BDABCCDADCBBD
一、语文基础知识(共15分,共5小题,每小题3分)
1.B (A道观guàn; C不啻chì; D意味隽juàn永;
2.D (A鉴往知来 B梗塞 C费力不讨好)
3.A 【堕落:(思想、行为)往坏里变,贬义词。沦落:被驱逐流落;陷入不良的境地,多用于指人。充斥:充满,塞满(含厌恶意)。充塞:塞满,填满。蚕食:像蚕食桑叶那样一点儿一点地吃掉,比喻逐步侵占。鲸吞:像鲸一样地吞食,形容大量侵占。摇摇欲坠:形容非常危险,就要掉下来或垮下来。岌岌可危:形容十分危险,快要倾覆或灭亡。】
4.B(A“减少地方性全部鼓励性加分”搭配不当,应改“减少”为“取消”。C残缺成分,应在“多部门参战”后添加“的工作”。D“无论张大千怎样模仿石涛”语序不当,应把“无论”放在“张大千”后。)
5.C (王子对爸爸的死因表示怀疑。)
二、现代文(论述类文本)阅读(共9分,共3小题,每小题3分)
6.C(原文说孔子不放弃其政治伟业“靠的就是这种精神”;而题目中表述的对象是“孔子在中国的历史与文化中产生如此重大的影响”, “这种精神”则只是原因之一。)
7.D (A“也肯定了孔子……的精神”错。B项“因而是1种十分可贵的文化品格”强加因果关系。C项“哀公同意出兵”错,从文意看,哀公其实也不许。)
8.A (B“仍是我们应该遵守的行为准则”错,应为“仍是我们宝贵的精神财富和力量源泉”。C“使各国的当政者感到了威胁,从而不敢接纳他”错,应为“他的政治主张并不为各国当政者所采纳”。D“孔子的一切行动都不计后果”错,孔子行动“不预判结果,并非不计后果。”)
三、古代诗文阅读(共34分,共7小题)
9.D (举:参加乡试及第成为举人)
10.C(②说汪沨的兄弟把妈妈移居城外,汪沨定期探望妈妈。 ③说海上起战乱,山中到处是盗贼,他返回钱塘住。⑥是魏禧对汪沨恭谨地对待愚菴和尚的疑问。)
11.B(卢高以世外礼约见湖上三高士不得见错,三人中只有汪沨没有到。)
12.(1)(他的)亲族想强求他参加礼部的考试,拿出千两银子看望他的妻子,让她促请汪沨起行。(3分,“试”、“俾”及句意各1分)
(2)后来,知道他在孤山,乘船去拜访他,汪沨推倒土墙逃走了。(3分,“就”、“排”及句意各1分)
(3)可是现在的有志之士,大多被佛家吸引过去,这是我感到不值得的原因。(3分,被动句式、“不屑”及大意各1分 )
13.临殁,举书卷焚之,诗文无一存者。起视日影,曰:“可矣!”书五言诗一章,投笔就寝而逝。(3分,每处0.5分,断句超过6处,每多一处扣0.5分,扣完本小题分为止。“投笔”后面断开不扣分。)
14.(8分)
(1)(4分)①用“冷”字既让人有了微寒的感觉,也烘托出夜色的宁静。②赞美了梨花的高洁,表达了作者超凡脱俗的品质。③“冷”是1种色调,写出了梨花悄悄地绽放在月光溶溶的夜色中的优美情态。(答对两点就可以,每点2分)
(1)(4分)①“冷”字也有冷清的意思。(1分)②“冷”是1种色调,写出了梨花悄悄地绽放在月光溶溶的夜色中的优美情态。(1分)③用“冷”字既让人有了微寒的感觉,也烘托出夜色的宁静。④赞美了梨花的高洁、脱俗,冰清玉洁。(1分)
(2)(4分)①以月光皎洁、花似雪明之景相映衬,给人1种高洁、脱俗的感受。②用“天姿灵秀”的姑射真人的典故来写梨花,表现了梨花的冰清玉洁与静若处子的仙姿。③用“不与群芳同列”“下土难别”等对比,写出了梨花的孤傲脱俗。(答出其中两点就可以。)
15.(5分,八个小题,从中任选五个小题作答就可以)
(1)士不可以不弘毅(2)秋云惨淡万里凝
(3)别有幽愁暗恨生(4)颁白者不负戴于道路矣
(5)东篱把酒黄昏后(6)或植杖而耘耔
(7)岩扉松径长寂寥(8)揾英雄泪
四、现代文(文学类、实用类文本)阅读(共20分,共4小题)
16.(4分)B D(A项“环境描写”以及“渲染气氛”错误,开头的叙述有为下文治病救人埋下伏笔的作用。C.“自尊心强”系无中生有。)
17.(4分)①推动情节发展。以五公子医治红脸大汉妈妈的腰疼串起小说后半部分,让我们了解孙飞虎把救济米全部送还给府衙,使故事情节的发展更趋自然。②映衬主要人物。通过对五公子的描写映衬许三楼,许三楼有医术精湛、淡泊名利、关心民众疾苦的性格,使其形象更加鲜明、更加生动,从而使其在读者的脑中留下更加深刻的印象。③深化作品主题。作为许三楼幼子的五公子不但继承了爸爸的精湛医术,而且传承了爸爸的高尚人品,既增添了小说的思想深度,又起到画龙点睛的作用。(回答两点就可以)
18.(4分)①医术精湛:许三楼问清病因,找准穴位,用细银针扎进去,一般七天准好。医治钱家当铺少爷和白一品均淋漓尽致地体现。②淡泊名利:医治好钱家当铺少爷,钱家送来白银百两,许三楼不为利益所诱惑,只收十文钱;七天后,知府腿好了。当白一品从怀中掏出七十文钱,许三楼也不拒绝,许三楼没有因为白一品知府的身份,去巴结和讨好,而是伸手接下。③关心民众疾苦。当知府找许三楼劝说孙飞虎归还救济粮,许三楼并没有推辞,设法让孙飞虎把救济米归还府衙。(回答两点就可以)
19.(8分)
①标题含意:表层含义,许三楼、五公子的精湛医术能救死扶伤;深层含义,能解孙飞虎等人的心结,关心民众疾苦, 救民于水火之中。
②人物形象:小说中所有人物之间的关系都是以神针为纽带连结合起来的(小说中的人物形象都是借助神针来表现的),神针使许三楼、五公子等人物形象鲜活,跃然纸上。
③情节结构:整个故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局都是围绕神针进行的。以神针为线索,使故事情节发展一波三折。
④小说主题:借“神针”来赞美许三楼、五公子妙手回春的医术,也表达对他们关心民众疾苦的高尚品德的褒扬。
五、语言文字运用(共12分,共3小题)
20.答案示例(4分)
仓颉灵感不老,美丽中文不灭;千年文脉不朽,灿烂文明不绝。(排比,反复)
21.答案示例:(4分)
羽扇纶巾:江风咆哮,卷起万丈狂澜。巍峨的战船上,一抹修长的身影,俊逸如竹。面对百万敌军,他轻摇羽扇,强敌瞬时鸟兽散。
梧桐细雨:黄昏时分,绵密的雨丝无情地拍打在梧桐树叶上,细雨点点,是丢不掉的孤单,是斩不断的愁绪,是道不出的落寞。
大漠孤烟:风静沙落,广袤的戈壁滩如无边黑夜。远处一缕轻烟犹如擎天之柱,划破了无边的死寂,捎来生命的气息,又平添无限凄凉。
渔舟唱晚:夕阳西下,落日余晖映照在彭蠡之滨,远处青山朦朦,白帆点点,随风飘来阵阵渔歌声,浪涛沸腾栖息的梦幻,收一网红霞回眸家乡。
22.答案示例:(4分)
4G业务广告远比网络覆盖跑得快,用户使用4G网络业务需等待。
六、写作(共60分,共1小题)
23. 立意参考:
(一)从医院医生的角度:
1、医涉事生在病人还没有离开时拍照,是“对生命的轻视”;缺乏职业道德、职业操守和职业精神;医生的拍照行为应该考虑社会的影响;医生的行为不合理,但合情;未考虑医患关系。院方存在管理漏洞和医风建设问题。
2、手术成功,医生高兴,理所应当。医生手术成功后的喜悦是善意的。医生的劳动应尊重。医生并非不尊重生命。医生治病救人后的行为无关医德。
(二)从行政部门的角度:
1、严厉快速,对社会负责;惩前毖后,教育后人。
2、处罚过当,以处罚推卸管理责任;被媒体绑架,缺乏担当;行政部门缺乏引导教育。
(三)从媒体的角度:
1、应当起到喉舌和监督作用;为媒体的正义呼声叫好;网络时代的媒体监督理更有效。
2、媒体恶意挑拨医患关系,对人性善良的忽视暴露了不少网络媒体还缺乏作为大众媒体所应具备的社会责任心。媒体为博取公众眼球而恶意炒作。媒体应当张扬社会正能量。媒体的效益与责任。医生用手术刀救人,媒体却可以用手中的笔伤人。
(四)从公众的角度:
1、面对社会丑恶现象要有正义感;要勇于发表自己的观点看法;关注社会,担当责任。
2、对传闻要做出理性的分析判断,不可轻信。眼看未必是实;公众不要成为媒体和舆论的奴隶。胸怀悲悯,理性宽容。
附:文言参考译文
汪沨,字魏美,是钱塘人。少年时失去爸爸,家里贫困,努力学习,性情孤傲,很难跟人合得来,人们称他为汪冷。考中崇祯己卯年乡试的举人,跟同县陆培齐名。
甲申事件(李自成攻陷北京)后,陆培自缢而死,汪沨写文章祭奠他,竟痛哭到几乎气绝,于是放弃科举考试。他的亲族想强求他参加礼部的考试,拿出千两银子看望他的妻子,让她促请汪沨起行,汪沨妻子说:“我的丈夫不能被劝服,我也看不起这些银子。”(汪沨)曾经独自一人提着药包在山谷中来往,吃住没有固定的地方。汪沨原来在城里居住,妈妈年老,想经常见到汪沨,他的哥哥汪澄、弟弟汪沄也放弃了生员的身份,迁徙到城外侍侯妈妈。汪沨时常来向妈妈问安,可是汪沨能自己来,家里的人想要找到他的踪迹,却不能找到。
随后因为战乱,把妈妈转入天台山侍侯。海上战事又起,山里到处是盗贼,又返回钱塘。在这时,湖上有3个孝廉,都是高洁之士,汪沨就是其中之一,当权的人都很敬重他们。监司卢高尤其礼贤下士,有一天,卢高在僧舍里遇到汪沨,问:“汪孝廉在哪里?”汪沨回答说:“刚才在这里,现在已经离开了。”卢高很失望,不知道回答的人就是汪沨啊。卢高曾经在湖上划船装着酒,邀约3个高士用世外的礼节相见,只有汪沨没到。不久,知道他在孤山,乘船去拜访他,汪沨推倒土墙逃走了。汪沨不进入城市,有的官员用自己的俸金给他祝寿,他不能推却,挖坑埋掉它。家乡的显贵的人请他写墓志铭,送给他百两银子,他拒绝不接受。迁徙到孤山居住,除了筐床和布被之外,只有几卷残破的书籍,锁上门出去,有时返回有时不回,没有人知道他的踪迹。遇到好友,喝一斗酒也不醉。
魏禧从江西来拜访他,推辞不见。魏禧留下信说:“我是宁都的魏禧,想和先生握手痛哭一场啊!”汪沨察看书信后非常吃惊,初次见面就好像一生的老朋友。临分别时,相互拉着手流泪。汪沨曾经跟从愚菴和尚探究出世的方法,魏禧说:“您待愚菴这么恭敬,难道有做(www.61k.com]他弟子的想法吗?”汪沨说:“我很敬重愚菴,可是现在的有志之士,大多被佛教拉拢过去,这是我感到不值得(加入佛教)的原因。”


康熙四年秋天,汪沨终老在宝石山僧舍,终年四十八岁。
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二 : 2015湖北省八市三月联考英语试题及答案

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2015年湖北省八市高三年级三月联考
英语 试 题

本试卷共14页,全卷满分150分,考试用时120分钟。


注意事项:
1.本试卷共四部分。
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、学号填在试卷答题卡上。
3.客观题部分答案选出后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。第四部分完成句子和写作题的答案用0.5毫米黑色的签字笔或黑色墨水钢笔直接填写到答题卡上对应的空白处。答在试题卷上的无效。
4.考试结束,请将答题卡上交。

第一部分:听力理解(共两节,满分30分,每小题1.5分。)
做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有1个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C3个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C. £ 9.18.
答案:B
1. When is Mary's birthday?
A. February 23rd. B. February 18th. C. February16th.
2. What will the man take back to the shop?
A. The shorts. B. The T- shirt. C. The sweater.
3. What does the man offer to do?
A. Wash the clothes. B. Dry the dishes. C. Water the plants.
4. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To invite him to dinner together. B. To inform him of the late meeting.
C. To ask him to meet her.
5. What is wrong with the woman?
A. She works too hard to have a rest. B. She can't sleep well at night.
C. She is too worried about Johnson.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C3个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers agree?
A. They have met before. B. The music is quite enjoyable.
C. Lots of people are present at the party.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Leave the party. B. Go rock climbing.
C. Chat about rock climbing.
听下面一段对话,回答第8、9题。
8. What is the main reason the woman likes natural food?
A. She wants to keep healthy. B. She likes to keep looking good.
C. She cares about the future of the earth.
9. What does the man think of eating natural food?
A. It’s necessary. B. It’s a waste of money. C. It’s popular.
听下面一段对话,回答第10至12题。
10. Where does Michelle work?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a hotel. C. At a shop.
11. Why doesn’t Michelle mention the names of the difficult star customers?
A. She doesn’t know them. B. She is afraid of being fired.
C. She doesn’t want to be famous.
12. According to Michelle, what do most of the famous people like when eating?
A. Being left alone. B. Being talked to politely.
C. Being recognized at once.
听下面一段对话,回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man say Will is unusual?
A. He likes green most. B. He sells his own paintings.
C. He narrows his choice of colors.
14. What helps Will much?
A. His family background. B. His teaching experience.
C. His work for children’s books.
15. What does Will like drawing best?
A. Lovely children. B. People’s faces. C. Famous watches.
16. What can people expect from Will next summer?
A. An exhibition. B. His first painting show.
C. An online video programme.
听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20小题。
17. What relation is Lena to the speaker?
A. His colleague. B. His assistant. C. His teacher.
18. What does Lena spend most of her time doing?
A. Singing in jazz clubs.B. Teaching music. C. Performing at a theater.
19. What do we know about the course?
A. It usually has more than ten students.
B. It makes students confident to perform their songs.
C. It is designed for high-level singers.
20. When does the next course begin?
A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.

第二部分:词汇知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从A、B、C、D4个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.
A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values
答案:A
21. The south-to-north Water Division Project transports water from south China to the north and northwestern regions to ease water , enabling people in Beijing to drink water from Yangtze River 1500 km away.
A. shortage B. absence C. demand D. resource
22. It is important for people to have the __________ that care and sympathy for people with AIDS/HIV makes a difference to the quality of their lives.
A. remarkB. awarenessC. assumptionD. compromise
23. If your child tends to __________ children of her own age and push them round, try to arrange for him to play with older children who will have no trouble in holding their own.
A. dominateB. condemnC. distinguishD. assume
24. As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been __________ from curing diseases to preventing diseases—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors.
A. confirmingB. committingC. shiftingD. concluding
25. The phrase “new normal”, one of the top 10 new expressions of 2014, conveyed the idea that China needs to __________ the quality of its economic development and adapt to a new situation.
A. meet withB. put offC. give awayD. focus on
26. The Chinese sports idol Li Na shocked fans by __________ her racket(球拍) due to serious
injuries in September, on the eve of a tournament in Wuhan, her home city.
A. hanging up B. putting up C. breaking up D. holding up
27. I don't agree with canceling all large celebrations or events just because of one accident. “Once bitten, twice shy” is not a(n) __________ response. What we need to do is learn the lessons.
A. spiritual B. considerateC. efficientD. appropriate
28. The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but every meal can serve at least two people and is under ¥10, so not only is it __________ but practical as well.
A. adaptable B. affordable C. changeable D. adjustable
29. While Peking Opera is widely regarded as a symbol of Chinese culture, it has been losing young audiences due to its __________ outdated style and slow rhythm.
A. responsiblyB. relativelyC. plainlyD. deliberately
30. Finally, I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for my grandma __________ the fact that she had developed cancer.
A. In favor of B. in possession of C. in view of D. in charge of
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I still remember it was in the winter of 1990 that, together with the help of my older sister, I 31 down my wishes for Christmas onto a piece of paper. How I wished on Christmas Eve my grandest wish would be 32 and placed under the Christmas tree — a puppy. When we were done, our wish-lists were collected by our parents with the promise to be 33 to Santa's hard- working helpers.
The next day, our parentssatus down in the living-room, with 34 expressions on their faces. As it 35 , they had seen our wishes, now wanting to talk to us about one wish 36 — the puppy. For a moment, I held my breath, but was 37 when they told us that they weren't against a puppy. What they 38 against was putting it under the Christmas tree. That was not a good idea.
They 39 taught us that an animal was not a gift that belonged to the same 40 as our toys. Animals were creatures with 41 that we should decide to have one, and it would be a(n) 42 to our family. An animal 43 a lot of responsibilities. It wasn’t anything one bought out of a mood. An animal could not be exchanged or 44 when we didn't feel like it. An animal wasn’t a toy. An animal was a 45 family member that needed lots of love and attention. An animal was not a 46 , but a family decision. A serious decision. And a big decision.
47 , my parents share my love for animals, so the decision came reasonably 48 . After our grandparents had given their 49 up for taking care of the dog, while we were on future vacations, the answer was yes. Yes, we would get a puppy.
The following days and weeks, there was only one 50 : our new family member! Yes, a family member, because animals have their rights. They are not simply food or gifts. We humans must attend, love and protect them.
31. A. leftB. got C. set  D. pulled
32. A. rejectedB. declinedC. challengedD. fulfilled
33. A. given awayB. passed onC. taken onD. put up
34. A. dangerousB. curiousC.serious D. mysterious
35. A. turned outB. taken outC. run outD. held out
36. A. in peaceB. in orderC. in particularD. in return
37. A. pardonedB. frightenedC. inspiredD. relieved
38. A. protestedB. objected C. opposed D. resisted
39. A. patiently B. hurriedly C. anxiously D. roughly
40. A. arrangementB. routineC. scheduleD. category
41. A. feelingsB. secretsC. stainsD. sufferings
42. A. convenienceB. facilityC. extensionD. heritage
43. A. signed B. meantC. attained D. guaranteed
44. A. put forwardB. put upC. put asideD. put off
45. A. nativeB. originalC. responsibleD. precious
46. A. riddleB. giftC. servantD. victim
47. A. NegativelyB.RidiculouslyC. ParticularlyD. Luckily
48. A. difficultB. easyC. contradictoryD. concrete
49. A. thumbsB. toesC. nosesD. eyes
50. A. theme B. argument C. prejudice D. topic
第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每篇短文后各题所给的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Alice’s mother died when Alice was five years old. Alice, who grew up to be my mother, told me that after her mother’s death her family was too poor to even afford to give her a doll.


In December 2012, I had a job at a local bank. One afternoon, we were decorating the tree in the bank lobby(大厅). One of my customers approached me with her beautiful handmade dolls. I decided to get one for my daughter, Katie, who was almost five years old. Then I had an idea. I asked my customer if she could make me a special doll for my mother—one with gray hair and spectacles(眼镜): a grandmother doll. And she gladly agreed.
A friend had told me that his dad who played Santa Claus would be willing to make a visit on Christmas morning to our home to deliver my Katie her presents, so I made some special arrangements.
Christmas Day arrived and at the planned time; so did Santa Claus. Katie was surprised that Santa had come to see her at her own house. As Santa turned to leave, he looked once more into his bag and found one more gift. As he asked who Alice was, my mother, surprised at her name being called, indicated that she in fact was Alice. Santa handed her the gift, with a message card that read:
For Alice:
I was cleaning out my sleigh(雪橇) before my trip this year and came across this package that was supposed to be delivered on December 25,1953. The present inside has aged, but I felt that you might still wish to have it. Many apologies for the lateness of the gift.
Love,
Santa Claus
My mother’s reaction was one of the most deeply emotional scenes I have ever seen. She couldn’t speak but only held the doll she had waited fifty-nine years to receive as tears of joy ran down her cheeks. That doll, given by “Santa”, made my mother the happiest “child” that Christmas.
51. The reason why the writer’s mother couldn’t have a doll when young was that __________.
A. Santa Clause forgot to deliver the doll to her
B. her daughter couldn’t make a doll by herself
C. her parents left the doll in the Santa Clause’s sleigh
D. her family was badly off when she was a child
52. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A. the writer’s father played the Father Christmas
B. the writer’s mother was already in her sixties when she received the doll
C. the writer asked one of her friends to make the doll for her mother
D. the Santa Clause was too careless to deliver the doll on time
53. When the writer’s mother received the doll that she had waited so long, she was __________.
A. pleased and inspiredB. puzzled and angry
C. happy and excitedD. curious and grateful
54. The best title for this passage could be __________.
A. A Doll from SantaB. An unforgettable Christmas
C. A considerate daughterD. A help from Santa Claus
B
If you need glasses to read this, you are among the majority of Chinese students. That’s because most students in China are short-sighted which means they can only see things close up and distant things will be blurry. Four-fifths of high school students wear glasses and now more and more children in primary school need glasses, too.
This epidemic of poor eyesight has two very simple causes: too much time spent indoors studying and too little time spent outdoors playing. Reading and writing for hours and hours, sometimes in poorly lighted rooms, causes eyesight to weaken. But students have to do this because there is so much pressure on them to succeed in school. And because they spend so much time indoors at school and at home, they have less time to spend outdoors enjoying the sun.
The sun, as a consequence, is important in developing good eyesight. Exposure to daylight releases a chemical in the eyes that prevents, or at least delays, short-sightedness. According to a study by Ian Morgan of Australian National University, Australian children and Chinese children have the same level of eyesight before they start school, but once they enter primary school, Chinese children only spend about an hour a day outside, while Australian children spend three to four hours each day in the sunshine. The result is that while about 40 percent of Chinese primary school students need glasses, only three percent of Australian children do.
Wearing glasses may not seem like a big deal. For some, wearing glasses can even be an opportunity to make a fashion statement. But poor eyesight at a young age can have serious long term consequences. As you get older, your eyesight can worsen and lead to things like macular degeneration(黄斑变性), a condition of the eyes for which there is no cure and which can eventually lead to blindness.
With all that in mind, don’t you think it’s time to give your eyes a break? Try spending a little less time inside and go for a walk in the park, instead. It’s the healthy thing to do and your eyes will thank you for it.
55. What does the underlined word “blurry” mean?
A. unpopular.B. unpleasant.
C. unclear.D. unconscious.
56. How should the students protect their eyesight according to the passage?
A. They should study less and less.
B. They should stay longer outdoors.


C. They should wear sun-glasses.
D. They should have a longer rest in bed.
57. It can be inferred from the passage that __________ is to blame for the poor eyesight of Chinese children.
A. the ever-worsening bad weather
B. the ever-increasing burden of study
C. the ever-decreasing sunny days
D. the ever-decreasing period of study time
58. What is the purpose of this article?
A. To explain why Chinese students are poor-sighted.
B. To admire Australian children’s good eyesight.
C. To criticize the present education system.
D. To call on people to protect Chinese children’s eyesight
C
Comfort is comforting, but it might narrow our experience at work — and beyond.
In our modern world, discomfort is considered a terrible thing. If not terrible, at least a thing of the past. Dishwashers, washing machines, computers, remote controls—yes, they add convenience, but also a level of comfort our forefathers did not enjoy.
As pain of any kind discourages happiness, we tend to reason, anything that compromises our ability to feel good must be bad. And that’s also particularly true for our careers. Success makes us feel great, not terrible. Such a view, however, is a matter of personal opinion. And it may blind us to hidden opportunities.
Artists throughout history have tried to experience suffering, instinctively if not consciously, to produce works that explore the darker hidden sides of the human condition. This was done, in part, because pain is a reality of life for everybody in some form at some time. Pain is something everybody can relate to. And pain makes a person very present. For such artists, to relieve or to deny [www.61k.com]pain would be to block the creative thinking, which drives them to explore and express. In fact, Germans have a term for this melancholia, “Weltschmerz”, which means “suffering from the world.” Writers, from Lord Byron to Kurt Vonnegut, have used the term to describe the psychological pain encountered along life’s roller-coaster journey. It was not to be avoided; it was to be understood, investigated and employed.
So I propose that discomfort is good for us. Or, put another way, it tells us that something needs to be addressed. It stretches us by forcing us to view our circumstances through a wholly different lens. Because we’re drawn to safety and security, we do our best to create pleasant comfort zones for ourselves and our loved ones through the cars we drive, the homes we live in, and the places we work. But by resisting discomfort, we deny ourselves an important opportunity: the chance to shake ourselves out of our predictable perspectives and allow ourselves to make knowledgeable observations we could not possibly have made before. Discomfort gives us fresh eyes.
59. Which of the following is NOT a reason why artists throughout history have been exploring sufferings?
A. Pain is a mirror that can reflect the life of everybody.
B. Pain is something that no one can escape from.
C. Pain can help them to avoid the creative thinking.
D. Pain can strengthen the feeling of existence of a person.
60. The term “Weltschmerz” couldn’t be used to describe something like __________.
A. social inequalityB. mass killings
C. racial discrimination D. great achievements
61. The author believes that by challenging discomfort, one may _________.
A. lose an important chance to make a big fortune
B. feel upset and fail to think calmly
C. judge and think about the world in a new particular way
D. control the situation properly when things go unsteady
62. By writing this passage, the author tries to __________.
A. criticize a world full of comfort
B. explain why discomfort is good for us
C. persuade people to lead a life full of discomfort
D. blame those who enjoy an easy life
D
Thousands of taxi drivers in Shenyang, Liaoning province, reportedly blocked streets with their vehicles on Sunday in protest against unlicensed vehicles using taxi-hiring apps(打车软件) and apps-based car rental companies providing passenger services, including high-end cars. Although the drivers also complained about the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy by the government, their main complaint was the loss of business because of the rising number of Internet-based car services companies.
On Wednesday, news reports came that Beijing transport authorities will take measures to stop the illegal “taxi business” of private cars through the newly rising Internet apps, following the footsteps of Shenyang and Nanjing.
It is not yet clear how the Shenyang city government will handle the issue and whether it will declare the services offered by market leaders such as Didi Dache, a taxi-hiring app provider backed by Tencent Holdings, and Kuaidi Dache illegal. But Shanghai transport regulators have set a rule, by banning Didi Zhuanche, or car services offered by Didi Dache in December.
Such regulations will cause a setback to the car-hiring companies and investors that are waiting to cash in on the potentially booming business. Just last month, Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors, including Singapore state investment company Temasek Holdings, Russian investment company DST Global and Tencent. Besides, the market is uncertain that Kuaidi Dache is about to finalize its latest round of funding after getting $800 million from global investors.


Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the Internet-based car-hiring services, which have become popular in most of China’s big cities. To be fair, these companies’ business model is anything but bad. For example, Didi Zhuanche works side by side with established car rental companies to provide high-end car service mainly for businesspeople through the Internet and mobile phone apps.
Every link in this business model chain has legal companies and services. Hence, it is hard to define it as illegal and ban it.
63. Why did taxi drivers in Shenyang block the streets with their vehicles?
A. Because they wanted the government to increase their driving allowances.
B. Because they wanted to be educated how to use the taxi-hiring apps.
C. Because they wanted to make their main complaints known to the government.
D. Because they wanted to call on passengers not to hire the private cars.
64. The author’s attitude to banning internet car-hiring service is______.
A. positive B. negative C. neutral D. unclear
65. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The problem mentioned in the passage exists in all cities
B. App-based car rental is helpful in some sense
C. The government should regulate the app-based car rental market
D. Didi Dache is a China-foreign joint company
66. From the passage we learn ___________.
A. Shenyang banned apps-based car rental companies
B. Shanghai is the second city banning Didi Zhuanche
C. some international investment companies have faith in the future of apps-based car rental companies
D. it is easy to describe the apps-based car rental companies illegal
E
It was the end of my junior year, the weekend before prom (毕业舞会). I was riding with some friends, and a bottle was passed around the car. Everyone was taking swigs(1大口). When the bottle got to me, I thought:“What should I do?”I took a swig. It was the biggest mistake of my life. I had to drive home later that night.
I went back to my car, got in and drove off. At a stop sign I saw a policeman sitting in the parking lot across the street. His headlights were turned on, and I knew he was going to follow me. Then he flashed his lights at me. All I could think was: “Oh no, that swig!”
I pulled over and waited for him to come to my door. It felt like forever. “Can I see your license and registration, please, Miss?” I gave them to him. He took them and went back to his car for a while. When he returned, he asked if I had been drinking.
“No,” I said. He asked me to step out of my car.
“Walk heel to toe down the white line, please.” I passed the test. Next he had me stand on my left foot, lift my right foot and hold it for 30 seconds. I’m not the most coordinated (动作协调的) person and I can’t even walk and chew gum at the same time, so, needless to say, I didn’t pass. Then he asked me to take a breathalyzer test.
That was where I messed up. I told him I didn’t want to and didn’t understand why I had to. The officer asked me three more times, and I continued to refuse. He told me to turn around and place my hands behind my back. He arrested me right then and there.
The policeman drove me to a police station 20 minutes from my home. He called my parents and told them where I was.
I went to court two months after that, charged with refusing to obey an officer. I got a $700 (4,340 yuan) fine and 40 hours of community service. I’ll be on probation (缓刑) for a year, and I’ll have to take the driving test again. I lost my license for a whole year.
This was a huge learning experience for me. It opened my eyes to how easy it is to make a stupid decision. I want everyone reading this to know that it’s not right to drink and drive. It definitely isn’t worth losing your license over.
67. From the first paragraph, we can conclude that the author __________.
A. didn’t remember she had to drive home later when riding with her friends
B. wished she had refused to drink that night
C. felt just one mouthful would not affect her driving
D. lost her driving license on the way
68. What did the policeman ask the author to do at the stop sign?
a. Show her driving license.
b. Walk in a straight line.
c. Stand on her head.
d. Stand on one foot for 30 seconds.
e. Take her temperature.
A. a, b, d B. a, c, d C. b, c, e D. b, d, e
69. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. The author was in jail for 40 hours and had to do community service.
B. The author thought her punishment shouldn’t be so serious.
C. The author was really sorry that she had made a serious mistake.
D. The author believed she would have avoided punishment if she had obeyed the policeman.
70. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To warn people against driving after drinking.
B. To explain how policemen test drivers.
C. To show that severe punishment works.


D. To blame the author’s thoughtless friends.

第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分50分)
第一节:完成句子(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列各小题,根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
例: was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis
tournament. (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案:What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
71. Researchers are now using 3D printing to create models of the human heart
heart specialists.(help)
研究人员现在开始使用三维打印技术制作人类心脏模型来帮助心脏病专家。
72. Brain processes decrease as we age. By the time we reach our 50s and 60s we
in remembering simple things such as the names of new friends or where we put our car keys.
(have)
随着年龄增加大脑活动减少。当我们到了五60岁时,我们将难以记住一些简单的事情,如新朋友的名字,或车钥匙放哪了。
73. I think the faster we find a vaccine that works in curing Ebola, ______________________ that vaccine to vaccinate the people in West Africa. (use)
我认为我们越快找到对埃博拉病毒有效的疫苗,我们就能越快使用这种疫苗为西非地区的人们接种。
74. We live in a world ______________________ quality education, because we have everything necessary already. (access)
我们生活的这个世界,每个孩子都有权力接受优质教育,因为我们已经具备所有必要条件。
75. have lessons, his parents would return quietly after a while to see whether he behaved well or not. (arrange)
无论安排他在哪上课,他的父母都会过一会儿之后再回来看看他的表现好不好。
76. Jonathan Mugan tells people in his new book it is time that people ____________________ a future where computers have more control over our lives. (prepare)
乔纳森•缪庚在他的新书里告诉人们现在是时候准备迎接电脑更多控制我们生活的这样1个未来了。
77. I've always thought there is no age limit to do ______________________. Our body could age, but our spirit can be always young! (want)
我一直以为做我想做的没有年龄所限。我们的身体会老,但精神永远年轻!
78. A deep breath and a balanced mind will contribute to the anxiety and nervousness. (rid)
深呼吸以及保持1种平常心有助于你摆脱焦虑和紧张。
79. It was _________________________ made him so upset that he shut himself in the room for a whole afternoon. (happen)
他身上发生的事令他如此难过,以致他整个下午都将自己关在房间里。
80. ______________________ get back to being 100%, my body kept telling me that, at 32, I will not be able to compete at the top level ever again. (as)
尽管我试图很努力去恢复100%的状态,但我的身体却一直告诉我,32岁的我再也不能以最高水平去比赛了。
第二节:短文写作(共1题;满分30分)
请根据以下提示,并结合事例,用英语写一篇短文。
As for “the way to success”, Abraham Lincoln once said, “Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.”
注意:①无须写标题;
②除诗歌外,文体不限;
③内容必须结合你生活中的1个事例;
④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;
⑤词数不少于120,如引用提示语则不计入总词数。

命题:汤利平(黄石市教科院) 杜圣鑫(鄂州市教研室)  梅小林(随州市教科院)
胡瑞明(黄石二中)   张光升(随州一中)
审校:肖明侠(天门市教科院)罗艾华(天门中学)
2015年湖北省八市高三年级三月联考
英语参考答案及评分标准
第一部分:听力
1—5 CACBC 6-10CCABA 11-15BACAB 16-20ACBBA
第二部分:词汇知识运用
第一节:多项选择
21—25 ABACD 26—30ADBBC
第二节:完形填空
第三节31—35 CDBCA 36—40 CDAAD 41—45ACBCD 46—50BDBAD
第三部分:阅读理解
51—54DBCA 55—58CBBD 59—62CDCB 63—66CBAC 67—70BACA
第四部分:书面表达
第一节:完成句子
71. (in order/ so as) to help  
72. will have (had) trouble/ difficulty
73. the sooner we can use
74. in which/ where every child can have / has access to
75. Wherever he was arranged for to
76. prepared / should prepare for
77. what I want (to do)
78. ridding you of
79. what had happened to him that
80. Hard as I tried to
短文写作
One possible version:
As a proverb goes, “Preparedness ensures success and unpreparedness spells failure”. It can’t be denied that good preparation is one of the essentials of success.
The first two years of my junior middle school life went so smoothly and I got so good grades in every exam that I took it for granted that I was sure to be admitted by a key high school. Thus,in my junior three, I began totally loosening myself up and no longer focused on study. It is no accident that my academic performance declined sharply. Not until the last month of my junior three did I realize it and concentrated on learning again. However, it was too late to make full preparation then— I failed in the senior high school entrance examination.
From my experience, I see that at no time should we ignore the importance of making good preparation, and that success belongs to those who can suffer long years of patient toil and constant efforts.

完成句子【评分原则】
1、主要结构正确、用给定的英语词完整表达所给的汉语信息,给满分;
2、未用给定词不给分;
3、主要结构不正确不给分;
4、主要结构正确,信息完整,1个或1个以上拼写错误扣0. 5分,不累加;
5、主要结构正确,信息有遗漏扣0. 5分;
6、主要结构正确,添加无关信息扣0. 5分;
7、其它可以接受的可能答案酌情给分。
几点说明:1、考点是时态题,时态错误扣1分;考点不是时态题,时态错误只扣0.5分。
2、同类小错误扣分不累加;不同类的小错误累加,3个以上不得分。
3、大小写错误不扣分。

短文写作
短文写作要求:夹叙夹议
观点:As for “the way to success”, Abraham Lincoln once said, “Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe”.
文章结构要求:
段落1:提出观点,要有1个旗帜鲜明的漂亮的过渡句。(2---3句)
段落2:叙述1个结构严谨、主题鲜明的个人经历的故事(6---10句)
段落3:夯实观点,要有1个漂亮的结论句,最好有1个具有启示指导意义的延伸句。(2---3句)

一、评分原则:
1. 本题总分为30分,按五个档次给分。
2. 先根据文章内容和语言初步确定其所属的档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。评分档次的确定应在内容符合题目要求的前提下侧重于语言的表达
3. 词数少于120的,将分数降低1个档次。
4. 评分时主要关注:内容切题,语言表达准确、多样、连贯、得体。
5. 拼写与标点符号,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑,但英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6. 书写较差,以至于影响交际,将分数降低1个档次。
二、书面表达各档次的划分及给分范围
第五档(很好):(25~30分) 要点完整,表达清楚,无重大语法错误
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
—所有内容与提示吻合。
—应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇。
—语法结构或词汇运用准确,虽有个别错误,但不影响意义的表达,具备较强的语言运用能力。
—恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分,全文结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(好):(19~24分) 表达基本清楚,缺少个别要点,有些语法错误。
完成了试题规定的任务。
—主要内容与提示吻合。
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
—语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,个别错误对意义的表达—影响。
--较恰当地使用了语句间的连接成分,全文结构较紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(适当):(13~18分)尚能表达,缺少多个要点,语法错误较多。
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
—主要内容与提示比较吻合。
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
—有一些语法结构和词汇的错误,对意义的表达有较大影响。
—基本能使用语句间的连接成分,全文结构比较松散。
整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(较差):(7~12分)表达含糊不清,不能成篇。
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
—主要内容与提示基本吻合。
—语法结构单调,应用词汇有限。
—有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了意义的表达。
—语句间的连接成分运用不当,缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档(差):(1~6分)动了笔,仅罗列了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求。
未能完成试题规定的任务。
—主要内容与提示不太吻合
—语法结构单一,应用词汇项十分有限。
—较多语法结构或词汇方面的严重错误,严重影响了意义的表达。
—缺乏语法之间的连接成分,内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
0分
未能传达给读者任何信息,内容太少,无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
评卷定档参考
档位评阅印象感觉
第五档
(25~30分)漂漂亮亮cool爽
第四档
(19~24分)清清楚楚(2/3语言没问题,有个别小问题)clear顺
第三档
(13~18分)马马虎虎(半对半错,很纠结)coy行
第二档
(7~12分)糊里糊涂(1/3有英文, 2/3 看不懂)cloudy差
第一档
(1~6分)一塌糊涂(基本无英文或无法读懂)chaotic晕
0分照抄试卷中阅读理解等文段counterfeit吐
录音原文

这是2015年湖北省八市高三年级三月调考英语科听力部分。该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意,回答听力时,请先将答案标在试卷上,听力内容结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题的答题卡上。现在是听力试音时间,试音过程中如遇到播音效果不好,考生可举手向监考员反映以便采取相应措施。现在开始中文试音:
……(剪录14年湖北高考英语中英文试音部分)
试音到此结束,听力考试正式开始,请看听力部分第一节:第一节,听下面5段对话。每段对话后有1个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C3个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

听力原文
Text 1
M: My birthday is on the 18th in February. When’s Mary’s birthday?
W: I’m not sure but I know it’s also in February. The 23rd perhaps...?
W: I think it’s earlier than that.
M: Oh yes! Her birthday is just two days before mine.
Text 2
W: Hi, Lily. I got the last T-shirt in the sale. And some shorts to match. I bought this sweater too, but I’m not sure if you like it.
M: It looks great. I’d keep it. But those shorts are of a horrible color. You should change them.
W: Well, you’re right.
Text 3
W: Jack, could you help me wash clothes or dry the dishes? Which do you prefer to do?
M: In fact, I’d like to do something else. Do you want me to water the plants?
W: Oh, that’s kind of you.
Text 4
M: Hello. This is Tommy.
W: Hi, it’s Linda. I’m going to be meeting you late tonight. If I finish work at 5:00, I’ll meet you for dinner at 5:30.


W: OK, I’ve got it.
Text 5
M: Jane, you look upset. What’s wrong?
W: Johnson always works very hard. He only sleeps four hours a night. I’m afraid he might get sick.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C3个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
Text 6
M: Hi, Monica!
W: Oh, Alex! What are you doing here? You don’t go to this college, do you?
M: No, I don’t. My cousin Simon invited me to this party. But actually I’m not really enjoying the music. In fact, they’re playing the kind of music that I hate.
W: Oh, I love this music. I’ll never get tired of listening to it. Anyway, you can talk to people. There are so many people here.
M: That’s true, but I’ve never met anyone here who I’m really interested in talking to.
W: Oh, I also forgot. I’ve just begun to learn rock climbing, and you are good at it. I need your advice. Let’s go over there where it’s less crowded.
M: OK.
Text 7
M: Would you like some French fries?
W: I do not eat junk food.
M: I know, I know. You want to keep looking good, eh?
W: No, the most important reason is that I want to be in a good state of heath. Besides, I also cares about the future of the earth.
M: You eat all that natural food, don’t you? I’ve always thought that it’s unnecessary. Natural food is too expensive and all tastes the same to me.
W: Well, this is not the way I see it.
Text 8
M: Welcome back to Tell Jerry. Today we’re taking calls from people who have met famous people in their work. Our first caller is Michelle from Santa Monica. Hi there, Michelle, what do you do for a living?
W: A customer service assistant.
M: OK, Michelle, have you met anyone really famous at work?
W: Brad Pitt and Jannifer Aniston. I recognized them at once when they stepped in.
M: Mmm, what were they like?
W: Eh, they were, you know, kind of cute.
M: Have you ever met any stars that were difficult customers?
W: Yeah, I’ve had some difficult people.
M: Can you tell us who?
W: Oh, no, I’ll lose my job. But not many. Most of them are quiet, you know, they just want to eat their dinner in peace.
M: Thank you, Michelle.
Text 9
M: Hi, Sara, where are you going?
W: To the library. The professor asked us to do an art project about a young artist called Will Scorsby on the Internet today. So I want to get some information from the computer in the library.
M: Wow, I know him. He’s a friend of my cousin, and I met him once at my cousin’s home. He is an unusual artist. He doesn’t use many different colors. You see green in all his paintings but the color he likes most is orange.
W: Who taught him to paint?
M: His mum was his first teacher. She draws pictures for children’s books. Will’s grandfather is an artist too. He surely benefits from that much.
W: Where does Will work?
M: He’s got his own room at home to work in. He draws and paints people’s faces more than anything else. You can watch him paint a picture of his own face in an online video program.
W: And did he sell his own paintings?
M: Yes. He sold his first painting last winter but lots of people are buying them now. Next summer he’ll have a big exhibition in the USA. I think he’s going to be very famous.
Text 10
I’ve just come back from a short course called Singing for Beginners at Brownstoke College. Lena Phipps runs these three-day courses for people with no previous experience of singing. Lena used to be an opera singer, but no longer appears on the stage. Nowadays she occasionally sings in jazz clubs, but spends most of her time teaching. She was excellent!
There were only nine of us on the course I attended. Lena never takes more than ten students on a course. This means that everyone has lots of attention and plenty of opportunities to sing.
We were very nervous at the beginning, but every class begins with some exercises to help students to relax. These are followed by warm-up exercises to improve the quality of the voice.
During the three days, students learn around twenty songs in different styles, depending on the interest of the class members. There are classical and modern songs, including pop songs. By the last day, everyone was confident enough to perform their favorite song on their own!
I would really recommend this course. Brownstoke College is an old building surrounded by a beautiful garden. The living place is very comfortable—the single and twin rooms are clean and warm.
Courses begin on the last Tuesday of the month, so the next one begins on the 24th of September and continues until Thursday, the 26th of September. I would advise you to reserve a place early, because it’s certain to be very popular!


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三 : 湖北省八校2014届高三第二次联考英语试题及答案


第二部分:词汇知识运用(共两节,满分30)

第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例:To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know

their _____ and weaknesses.

A. strengthsB. benefitsC. techniquesD. values

答案:A

本文标题:湖北高考试题及答案-2015湖北省七市联考语文试题及答案
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